Latin Declensions 4 and 5: Noun Endings

Declension 4

N: -us N: -us

G: -us G: -uum

D: -ui D: -ibus

AC: -um AC: -us

ABL: -u ABL: -ibus

Declension 5

N: -es N: -es

G: -ei G: -erum

D: -ei D: -ebus

AC: -em AC: -es

ABL: -e ABL: -ebus


Declension 4

N: -us N: -us

G: -us G: -uum

D: -ui D: -ibus

AC: -um AC: -us

ABL: -u ABL: -ibus

Declension 5

N: -es N: -es

G: -ei G: -erum

D: -ei D: -ebus

AC: -em AC: -es

ABL: -e ABL: -ebus


Declension 4

N: -us N: -us

G: -us G: -uum

D: -ui D: -ibus

AC: -um AC: -us

ABL: -u ABL: -ibus

Declension 5

N: -es N: -es

G: -ei G:

Read More

Spanish Post-War Poetry and Novel: Trends & Authors

Spanish Post-War Poetry and Novel

From the end of the Second World War, the world was divided into two blocs during the Cold War. The 1960s brought significant changes, generating a new cultural climate and the development of consumer society. In the last decades of the twentieth century, the world headed towards a new industrial transformation thanks to advances in new technologies.

In Spain, after the Civil War and Franco’s triumph, the country was plunged into economic and cultural depression.

Read More

Medieval Spanish Epic Poetry: Jarchas and Cantar del Mio Cid

Jarchas and the Dawn of Spanish Epic Poetry

Jarchas are short poems written in Mozarabic dialect, interspersed with words of Arabic and Hebrew. Their period of splendor is located between the eleventh and thirteenth centuries. The jarcha was the ending of an extensive stanza composition of a cult character and theme of love: the muwassaha. The muwassaha was written in Arabic or Hebrew and in Mozarabic. The jarcha’s structure is very simple, because the poems are brief and generally use parallel verses.

Read More

Shakespeare’s Famous Plays: Summaries and Themes

Shakespeare’s Famous Plays

The Merchant of Venice

The Merchant of Venice: Antonio, a merchant of Venice, borrows money from Shylock, a Jewish moneylender, to help his friend Bassanio woo the rich Portia from Belmont. Shylock says he will charge no interest on the money but will take a pound of Antonio’s flesh if the money is not repaid in time. Antonio’s ships are lost at sea. He cannot repay the loan and must die paying the forfeit – the pound of flesh – instead. Portia thinks of a plan to

Read More

Golden Age Prose: Lazarillo de Tormes, Origins of Castilian Lexicon, and Literary Realism

The Prose in the Golden Age

The prose in the Golden Age: The most important narrative contribution of the 16th century is the first picaresque novel, Lazarillo de Tormes (1554). It is an autobiographical novel where the protagonist is a child of poor parents, a vagabond character who goes from one place to another.

Lazarillo de Tormes (1554)

The author is anonymous, and the novel recounts his life in the first person across seven chapters.

Argument

The work is divided into seven treatises and is a first-

Read More

Spain’s Cultural Heritage: Romans, Christians, Muslims, Jews

Plural Culture: Christians, Muslims, and Jews

In the Middle Ages, despite war and confrontation, there was coexistence and fusion between the three cultures and religions in the peninsula: Christian, Muslim, and Jewish. Until the 10th century, Islamic Spain was culturally superior to the Christian kingdoms. In the 9th century, a key event occurred: the discovery of the remains of the Apostle Santiago. The Camino de Santiago became a crucial route in the spread of culture. From the 11th century, a

Read More