Spanish Medieval Literature: Epic, Romance, and Lyric Poetry

Spanish Medieval Literature

The Cantar de mio Cid narrates the exploits of Rodrigo Diaz de Vivar, a real person born around 1043. An incomplete 14th-century copy remains. The poem consists of 3700 verses grouped into sets called runs. These irregular verses, mostly between 14 and 16 syllables, are divided by a strong hemistich. The rhyming verse is assonant.

Structure of the Cantar de mio Cid

  • Song of Exile: El Cid is banished by King Alfonso VI of Castile. He leaves his wife and daughters in a monastery
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Jorge Manrique and Don Juan Manuel: Literary Analysis

Jorge Manrique: *Verses on the Death of his Father***

Jorge Manrique wrote profound love poetry, following the guidelines of the troubadour tradition of courtly love and with the resources characteristic of poets of the cancionero. His most important work, Verses on the Death of his Father, is an elegy that becomes a treatise on Christian philosophy, life, the transience of time, and the transcendence of death.

Key Elements, Topics, and Themes

  • Time: Time is a constant flow that never stops. For Manrique,
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Galician Literature: Exile, 20th Century Prose & Theater

Literature of Exile

After the War of 36, many Galician writers, artists, and intellectuals went into exile to escape Franco’s repression and strengthen Galicianism.

In poetry, the theme was addressed through the complaint and relief of social drama, Galician patriotism, and reflection on the state of exile.

Authors in Exile:

  • Luis Seoane: A Galeguista party member, exiled to Argentina. Notable works include Fardel exile, Fog Sant-Iago, and Ascicatrices Valume. His poetry has a realistic style with social
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Parthenon and Doryphoros: Classical Greek Art

The Parthenon: A Doric Temple

The Parthenon, built in the Greek Doric order, is an octastyle temple, featuring eight columns on each facade. It’s a peripteral structure, with columns surrounding the building—17 on the longer sides. The entire structure rests on a stylobate and two stereobates. The columns lack bases and have longitudinal grooves. A slight widening of the shaft towards the center creates the illusion of inward tilting. The shafts terminate in a necking, topped by a capital composed

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Romanticism: Social History, John V. Gonzalez & Jorge Isaacs

Romanticism & Social History

Key Characteristics:

  • Subjectivity: The author tells the story from their personal perspective.
  • Historical Interpretation: History is interpreted through the author’s feelings.
  • Literary Devices: Use of metaphors, imagery, and lyrical resources (poems, rhymes, poetry).
  • Landscape as Setting: The landscape serves as a backdrop, not the main focus.
  • Pompous Narrative: The story is often told in a grand, elevated style.

Biography of John V. Gonzalez

Born in Caracas, 1811. Studied

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Roman Empire’s Transformation: Division, Barbarian Influx, and Legacy

The Transformation of the Roman Empire

The third-century civil wars brought the Roman Empire to a crisis. Diocletian’s creation of the dominate and reorganization of government temporarily relieved this crisis, but his reforms only delayed the division of the empire. In the late fourth century, migrations of non-Roman peoples fleeing the Huns brought intense pressures on the central government. Emperor Theodosius I divided the empire into western and eastern halves in 395 to try to improve its administration
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