Journalistic and Literary Texts: Exploring Language and Structure
Journalistic Texts
The Mass Media
Journalism converts events into a one-way process, transmitting objective or subjective messages through a communication channel. This artificial information utilizes various linguistic codes. Opinions must be differentiated from factual information to avoid manipulation.
The Press
Initially the primary means of communication, large companies now own newspapers, radio, and TV. Content comes from sources like news agencies, archives, and documentation. Sorting is done
Read MoreFigures of Speech and Syntactic Construction Resources
Figures of Thought
- Paradox: Seemingly contradictory concepts that reveal a profound truth.
- Oxymoron: Two contradictory terms used to highlight a message.
- Antithesis: Contrasts two opposing ideas.
- Simile: Compares two objects or events to expand meaning.
- Apostrophe: Addresses a person, thing, or abstraction with emotion.
- Euphemism: Substitutes a harsh word with a softer one.
- Personification: Gives human qualities to inanimate objects.
- Hyperbole: Exaggerates an assessment.
- Rhetorical Question: A question asked
Linguistic Functions, Grammar, and Syntax: A Comprehensive Guide
Linguistic Functions
Language serves various functions:
- Referential: Focuses on conveying objective information about the external world.
- Conative: Aims to elicit a specific response from the listener, often used in advertising and propaganda.
- Expressive: Reveals the speaker’s emotions and subjective state.
- Phatic: Establishes or maintains communication, with minimal information content.
- Metalinguistic: Refers to the language itself, discussing its structure and usage.
- Poetic: Emphasizes the aesthetic
The Essay: Structure, Styles, and History
Theme 3: Resources and Start Closing
Introduction and Conclusion
When writing a text, special care should be taken in the introduction and conclusion. The introduction serves to introduce the topic, the writer’s style, and capture the reader’s attention. The final paragraph aims to leave a lasting impression, reinforce the central message, and provide closure.
Introduction Styles
- Chapeau: A brief introduction summarizing the theme.
- Anecdote: Starts with a concrete story or experience to engage the reader.
Characteristics of Language, Narrative, Drama, and Lyrical Texts
ITEM 1 – Characteristics of Languages
The languages that give humans the faculty of language share several characteristics:
- Arbitrariness: There is no direct relationship between the elements of a language and the reality they represent. The link between form and meaning is arbitrary.
- Displacement: Messages can relate to events removed in time and space from the communicative situation.
- Deception: Language allows for the possibility of sending false messages.
- Reflexivity: Language can refer to itself.
Effective Argumentation: Structure, Language, and Persuasion
Effective Argumentation
Structure and Clarity
A key aspect of argumentation is the order of ideas, which ensures the text’s comprehensibility. Structuring content into paragraphs and connecting them effectively is crucial. Ideas should be presented clearly and directly, focusing on essential information. Arguments should also be compelling, aiming to convince or persuade the audience.
Persuasive Techniques
Effective resources for persuasion include examples and comparisons (progressing from concrete
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