Pelvic Girdle and Leg Joints: Anatomy and Function
Joints of the Pelvic Girdle
1. Sacroiliac Joint
The sacroiliac joint connects the sacrum to the ilium (part of the hip bone). The articular surfaces are the auricular surfaces of the sacrum and ilium. It is stabilized by ligaments and a joint capsule. This cartilaginous joint has limited mobility, allowing for slight gliding movements. It facilitates nutation (inferior end of the sacrum moves posteriorly) and counternutation (inferior end of the sacrum moves anteriorly). The axis of movement is horizontal,
Read MoreAnatomy of Chest, Abdomen, and Facial Muscles
m.tronco. Oc.vertebral IcostilasFrespiracion serratus. trapezius. Overtebras IhombroFi.cabeza. latissimus dorsi. Olumbar IhúmeroFaducir, rotate, brzo, elvc.costillas. intertransversarios. Fincl.c.lados. 4drado loins. Oc.iliaca I12costilla Fpelvis to his side before. Psoas. Oc.lumbar Ifémur. ilium. Ifémur Ilica Ofosa Rub trunk side.
Major Chest Muscles
Pectoralis Major: Running from the collarbone and sternum up to the first ribs, its function is upper limb adduction and it’s inspiring.
Pectoralis
Read MoreAnatomy Q&A: Muscles, Bones, and Joints
Muscles
- In the coracoid process, which muscles are inserted? Coracobrachialis long head.
- What abdominal muscles exist? External oblique, internal oblique, rectus abdominis, transversus abdominis.
- Which muscle is not part of the rotator cuff? Deltoid.
- Which muscle causes flexion of the knee? Semimembranosus.
- Which muscles belong to the upper limbs? Abductor pollicis longus, flexor carpi.
- Which muscle is part of the anterior leg region? Biceps Femoris.
- Regarding pelvic muscles, which statement is correct?
Ovarian and Endometrial Cycles: Hormonal Regulation
Ovarian Cycle
The ovarian cycle is the period of time between the ending of one menstrual period and the beginning of the next.
Follicular or Pre-Ovulatory Phase
This phase lasts from day 1 to 13. During this stage, there is an increased secretion of FSH and combined effects of LH. LH acts on the theca interna, and FSH acts on the granular cells to produce estrogens. The purpose of this phase is to mature primordial follicles in the ovaries. A primordial follicle begins as an oocyte (1-2 km) surrounded
Read MoreTemporomandibular and Body Joints: Anatomy
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ)
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is the single mobile articulation of the head. It is a synovial joint with an articular disc made of fibrous tissue. It allows for the following movements:
- Descent and ascent (lowering and raising the jaw)
- Occlusal contact of the two dental arches
- Protrusion (jaw moves forward)
- Retraction (jaw moves backward)
- Lateralization (jaw moves left or right)
- Circumduction (a combination of all the previous movements)
Muscles of Mastication
The muscles
Read MoreAxial and Appendicular Skeleton: Bones and Functions
The axial skeleton is the centerpiece of the bony framework. It consists of 69 bones, including the skull, spine, and rib cage. Inside the skull are the cranial bones, facial bones, and small auditory ossicles. Below is the backbone, which is the pillar of bone structure, and consists of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar vertebrae, besides the sacrum and coccyx. Between the spine and sternum, surrounded by the ribs, is the rib cage, which is an essential part of the axial skeleton, protecting
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