English Verb Conjugations and Sentence Structure
Irregular Verbs and Tenses
This document provides a list of irregular English verbs and examples of sentence structures in different tenses.
- Become, became, become (llegar a ser)
- Present Simple: Subject + verb in infinitive (3rd person singular adds -s or -es)
- Negative: Subject + do/does not + verb in infinitive
- Interrogative: Do/does + subject + verb in infinitive
- Begin, began, begun (empezar)
- Present Continuous: Subject + to be + verb-ing
- Negative: Subject + to be + not + verb-ing
- Interrogative: To be
Essential English-Spanish Vocabulary: Society, Law, and Verbs
Social and Legal Terms
- appointment – cita
- joyriding – pasear en un auto robado
- authorities – autoritats
- judge – juez
- bravery – valentía
- jury – jurado
- capitalism – capitalismo
- jury service – servicio de jurado
- citizen – ciudadano
- lawyer – abogado
- citizenship – ciudadania
- life sentence – cadena perpetua
- civil servant – funcionario
- mugging – atraco
- colony – colonia
- murder – asesinato
- community – vecindario
- pay a fine – pagar una multa
- custom – costum, hábito
- police officer – oficial de policía
- employment – empleo
- reach
English Grammar Tenses, Passive Voice, Verbs & Conditionals
English Grammar Essentials
Reported Speech:
- Present Simple → Past Simple
- Past Simple → Past Perfect
- Past Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous
- Present Perfect Simple → Past Perfect
- Present Perfect Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous
- Past Perfect Simple → Past Perfect
- Past Perfect Continuous → Past Perfect Continuous
- Future → Would
Passive Voice:
- Present Simple → are signed
- Present Continuous → are being signed
- Past Simple → were signed
- Past Continuous → were being signed
- Present Perfect
Classic Culinary Sauces and Garnishes
Classic Culinary Sauces
Bechamel
Bechamel: Roux + milk + salt + pepper and nutmeg.
- Soubise: Onion stew, poultry thoroughly. = Bechamel cream.
- Mornay: Bechamel, shredded cheese, egg.
- Villaroy: Bechamel thick, egg yolk.
Spanish Sauce
Spanish: Roux dark background + dark + red wine.
- Perigueux: Spanish, essence of truffle, truffle brunoise.
- Perigourdine: Spanish, foie gras, truffles brunoise.
- Godard: Spanish, ham, mushrooms and white wine.
- Diabla: Spanish, vinegar, shallot, white wine, cayenne, parsley.
- Bordalesa:
English Verb Tenses, Conditionals, and Irregular Verbs
English Verb Tenses and Conditionals
Passive Voice
- Present Simple: am, is, are + past participle
- Present Continuous: am, is, are + being + past participle
- Present Perfect: have, has + been + past participle
- Past Simple: was, were + past participle
- Past Continuous: was, were + being + past participle
- Past Perfect: had + been + past participle
- Future Simple: will + be + past participle
- Future Perfect: will + have + been + past participle
Passive Voice with “Have”
(When someone does something for you) have/get
Read MoreEssential Vocabulary for Hospitality and Culinary Professionals
Food and Taste Descriptors
- Bland/Spicy: Insípido/Especiado
- Cooked/Raw: Cocinado/Crudo
- Rare/Well done: Poco hecho/Muy hecho
- Overdone/Underdone: Demasiado cocido/Poco cocido
- Still/Sparkling: Sin gas/Con gas
- Sweet/Dry: Dulce/Seco
- Tasty/Tasteless: Sabroso/Sin sabor
- Fresh/Stale: Fresco/Duro (pan)
- Sour: Ácido
- Tender/Tough: Tierno/Duro
Hotel Staff and Items
- Room Attendant: Camarera de pisos
- Porter: Portera
- Maintenance Man: Mantenimiento
- Housekeeper: Gobernanta
- Service Engineer: Ingeniero
- Luggage: Equipaje
- Suitcases: Maletas
- Smells