Verbal Periphrasis and Coordination in Syntax
Verbal Periphrasis
Concept
Verbal periphrasis refers to the combination of an auxiliary verb with an infinitive, gerund, or participle. The auxiliary verb carries the verb endings but lacks independent meaning. The derivative verb (infinitive, gerund, or participle) contributes the semantic meaning and syntactic combinatorics. For example, in “The gardener tends to prune fruit trees,” the auxiliary verb is “tends” (not independent: *”The gardener often”). The infinitive “prune” selects the direct
Read MoreThe Reign of Isabella II and the Liberal Regime in Spain
The Opposition to the Liberal System: The Carlist Wars and the Foral Question
Background
During the last years of Ferdinand VII’s reign, a problem arose over the succession to the throne. After the King’s death, this issue helped spark a civil war in Spain. In October 1830, Princess Isabella was born, the first daughter of Ferdinand and his fourth wife, Maria Cristina of Naples. The Salic Law, adopted by Philip V in 1713, stipulated that the crown could only be transmitted between men, excluding women.
Read More17th and 18th Century English Writers
Alexander Pope (1688-1744)
Born in London on May 21, 1688, to Catholic parents, Alexander Pope’s early life was shaped by anti-Catholic sentiment. His family relocated outside London due to a statute restricting Catholic residency. Pope’s education began in clandestine Catholic schools and continued under Thomas Deane. After moving to Binfield, he became self-taught. Around age twelve, he developed a bone disease, possibly tuberculosis. Introduced to London’s literary circles by William Wycherley,
Read MoreThe Gaucho Martín Fierro: A Tale of Injustice and Resilience
1. The Story of Martín Fierro
Part 1: From Gaucho to Outlaw
El gaucho Martín Fierro (1872) begins with the protagonist’s idyllic life on the plains, surrounded by his family. This happiness is shattered when he is forced into military service. His hatred for this life leads him to rebel and desert. Upon returning home, he finds his house destroyed and his family gone. In desperation, he joins the desert Indians, becoming an outlaw.
Part 2: The Return of Martín Fierro
In the second part, The Return
Read MoreFranco’s Dictatorship: Repression and Control in Spain
1. Dictatorial Regime
Characteristics of Franco
Totalitarianism
Inspired by Italian fascist and German models, Franco’s dictatorship abolished the 1931 Constitution, individual and collective security, Parliament, political parties, and trade unions. Only a single party and official union were permitted.
Caudillismo
Franco held absolute power as head of state, government chairman, Generalissimo of the armies, and national party leader.
Unitary and Centralist Government
The regime abolished autonomous statuses,
Read MoreSpain’s Transition to Democracy: From Franco to Modernity
The Spanish political landscape could be divided into three streams: those who sought a continuation of the scheme, which provides some reform for democratization of the system and those who were leaning toward a break with the dictatorial past and building a political system led by democratic forces. Two days after Franco‘s death Juan Carlos was proclaimed king and talk to the front of Carlos Arias Navarro government.
When Arias Navarro presented his program opted for continuity Franco and his reformist