Constitution Restoration: Alfonso XII to 1898 Crisis
Stages of the Constitution Restoration System
The Reign of Alfonso XII
The reign of Alfonso XII presented the nation with peace and the military and ideological consolidation of bipartisanship. This period saw:
- An end to operations on the Carlist front (deletion of the Basque forum).
- The end of the uprising in Cuba, with the signing of the Zanjón Peace (1878). This granted amnesty and promised political and administrative reforms, though these were not rushed.
- The resumption of the liberation movement
Imperialism and Colonialism: Key Concepts and Historical Events
Imperialism and Colonialism: Key Concepts
Colony: A country or area under the full political control of another country. Examples include the Kongo and Nigeria.
Colonialism: The practice of a country conquering a territory or place to extract benefits such as goods and slaves.
Key Historical Events
Berlin Conference: A meeting organized by Germany to decide how Africa would be divided among European countries.
Indigenous: People who share collective ancestral ties to the land where they live or from
Read MoreNazism and Fascism: A Comparative Analysis
Nazism and Fascism
Nazism: “Nazi” is a contraction of the German word “Nationalsozialistische,” meaning “National.” It refers to everything related to the regime that ruled Germany from 1933 to 1945, with the rise to power of the National Socialist German Workers’ Party (NSDAP, Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei), the self-proclaimed Third Reich, and Austria after the Anschluss, as well as other territories that were incorporated (Sudetenland, Memel, Danzig, and other lands in Poland,
Read MoreAnglo-Saxon England: Origins, Invasions, and Linguistic Evolution
Examination B
True or False
- The people that Romans found in their invasion were Anglo-Saxon. False
- England has received three main invasions were Anglo-Saxon. False
- Anglo-Saxon people were not good at farming and cultivating the land. False
- Old English is a Celtic language. False
Roman vs. Anglo-Saxon Invasions
The Roman invasion occurred from 43 to 410 AD, whereas the Anglo-Saxon invasion spanned from the 5th to the 9th century.
- Roman: The goal of the conquest was to expand their empire.
- Anglo-Saxon: Driven
Craftsmen & Labor Movement: Workers’ Rights & Conditions
Craftsmen and the Labor Movement: A Shift for Workers
Since the mid-eighteenth century, working conditions were changing due to the creation of new manufactures outside of any guild regulations. Owners fixed the conditions of production and hiring. The new manufacturing workers were often peasants who migrated to the city seeking work, as well as the existing urban population. They were transformed into proletarians, and even their children were hired to work.
This work, often asaleriado (wage-based)
Read MoreNapoleonic Europe: Congress of Vienna, Restoration & Human Rights
Napoleonic Europe (1799-1815)
The Consulate (1799-1804)
The Consulate was governed by three consuls, with Napoleon as the First Consul, holding executive and legislative power. Key events include:
- 1801: Concordat with the Holy See.
- Centralized structures of the country were established.
- Modernization of university education and the economy.
The Empire (1804-1815)
- 1804: Napoleon appointed Emperor of the French.
- Implementation of the Civil Code, a significant piece of legislation for Europe.
- 1812: Disastrous