American Independence: Causes, Events, and Consequences
Causes of American Independence
Causes of American Independence
- Influence of Enlightenment ideas.
- The American Revolution, French Revolution, and Spanish War of Independence encouraged some of the colonists to fight for their own freedom.
- Great Britain gave financial assistance to the supporters of independence.
- The Creole wanted political and economic control of the colonies and an end to their dependence on Spain.
The Sequence of Events (Movements)
The Sequence of Events (Movements)
- Began during the Spanish
Britain: Union, Industry, and Victorian Era Challenges
Act of Union and Imperial Parliament
Ireland suffered an English conquest that led to its union with the Kingdom of Great Britain. On 5 November 1800, George III issued a proclamation abolishing the Parliament of the Kingdom of Great Britain. In doing so, he not only succeeded where Guy Fawkes had failed on the same day 195 years earlier, but he also paved the way for the opening of the new ‘Imperial Parliament’ of Great Britain and Ireland, which duly opened its doors for its first session at the
Read MoreCatholic Monarchs & Visigothic Rule in Hispania
Catholic Monarchs
Dynastic Union and Government System
Ferdinand II of Aragon and Isabella I of Castile (the Catholic Monarchs) achieved the dynastic union of the Crowns of Castile and Aragon. This personal union aimed to become a political union, establishing domain representation, religious unity for their subjects, and centralization of power, attempting to reduce the influence of the nobles.
However, the agreement did not mean immediate territorial or institutional unification; each kingdom initially
Read MoreCrisi Econòmica i Tensió Social a la República
La desfavorable situació econòmica
El canvi de règim va coincidir amb el Crac del 29. Aquesta crisi va influir negativament en tota l’economia espanyola i en va impossibilitar el creixement econòmic. Una via per pal·liar la crisi va ser l’emigració a Amèrica. A això es van afegir els problemes interns de l’economia espanyola: atur agrícola, repartiment desigual de la terra, poca competitivitat internacional…
A més, cal afegir els problemes derivats de la política econòmica del govern
Read MoreInterwar Economic Crises, Depression & Rise of Dictatorships
Post-War Economic Crisis (Early 1920s)
In the early 1920s, Europe experienced an economic crisis caused by several factors:
- The material destruction which had occurred during World War I and the reduced workforce.
- The end of the war economy, which had been based on the production of military equipment and supplies. There was also a shortage of consumer goods and high levels of inflation, particularly notable in post-war Germany.
- Investment speculation: People speculated by buying shares, aiming to make
WWII Operations, Battles, and Alliances
Key WWII Alliances and Fortifications
The Axis Powers
The Rome-Berlin Axis was the name given to the collaboration between Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy from 1936 to 1945. During World War II, the term Axis Powers referred to Germany, Italy, Japan, and their allies.
European Fortified Lines
The Maginot Line was a line of fortifications built by France for defense along its borders with Germany and Italy after the end of the First World War. The term “Maginot Line” can refer to the complete system or
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