Second Industrial Revolution, Imperialism, and World War I
Second Industrial Revolution
- Population Growth: Migration overseas
- New Sources of Energy: Electricity and oil
- Scientific and Technological Development:
- The transportation revolution
- Science-related industry
- New inventions
- Changes in Business Organization:
- Mergers
- Cartel
- Trust
- Holding
- Monopoly
- Changes in Work Organization:
- Taylorism
- Fordism
- Mass consumption
- Increased international trade and retail sales
Imperialism
Causes
- Economic:
- To find new markets
- Search for raw materials
- Capital investment
- Demographic: New sites for
Francoism: Ideology, Society, and Culture in Spain
The Parties
3.5 The Parties: There are no political matches, only “families of the regime”:
- The Army is the backbone of the system. Some are in favor of the restoration of the monarchy.
- The Church hierarchy supported Franco’s “crusade”, which runs a great part of education.
Influential associations are noted:
- The Asociación Católica Nacional de Propagandistas, founded by Cardinal Herrera Oria, a journalist.
- Catholic Action, for the participation of lay people, channeling their Catholic commitment.
- Opus
World War I: Causes, Phases, and Aftermath
Causes of World War I
Colonial Conflicts: The First Moroccan Crisis and the Second Moroccan Crisis.
Rivalry Between Powers and Nationalism: Rivalry between France and Germany due to the Alsace-Lorraine War. Rivalry between Great Britain and Germany because of economic dominance. Rivalry between Russia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire for Balkan territories. Nationalist movements in the Balkans against Ottoman control of the territory.
Balkan Wars: Annexation of Bosnia-Herzegovina by Austria-Hungary.
Read MoreAmerican Revolution & 18th Century Spain: A Historical Analysis
The American Revolution
The Thirteen Colonies’ Path to Independence
Thirteen English colonies on the American East Coast staged a revolution and constituted a new government founded on the principles of equality and freedom. The colonists of Great Britain, encouraged by the ideas of freedom, equality, and tolerance, did not agree with the quotas and taxes imposed upon them, as well as with commercial monopolies. As the law gave them no representation in Parliament, they decided they would not pay
Read More1931 Constitution: Spain’s First Republic & Key Articles
1931 Constitution
Background: This document provides information on selected articles from the 1931 Constitution, Spain’s first republican constitution. It is a primary source legal text of collective authorship.
Purpose: The constitution aimed to establish a modern democratic system in Spain, replacing the monarchy and the moderate Constitution of 1876. It was intended for the entire Spanish nation, which had voted for a republican regime.
Analysis of Key Articles
- Article 1: Defines the republic’s
Popular Front and Spanish Civil War: 1936
**The Popular Front and the Road to the Spanish Civil War**
February 1936: Elections and Rising Tensions
The February 1936 elections took place in a climate of heightened political polarization. The right-wing parties were embroiled in the *Straperlo* scandal, a major corruption case that fueled public distrust. Between February and July 1936, Spain witnessed a surge in violence, with 269 deaths attributed to political clashes. The atmosphere was extremely tense, marked by social unrest and a growing
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