Social and Political Movements in Spain During the 1960s and 70s

Social Movements of Opposition in Spain During the 1960s and 70s

Labor Disputes and the Rise of Trade Unions

The workers’ protest was the main source of social tension in the 1960s, which grew in intensity with strikes and workers’ claims. Labor disputes increased dramatically and were located mainly in “union” areas such as Asturias, Barcelona, Madrid, and Vigo.

In 1962, a miners’ strike took place in Asturias, which spread through the country’s main industrial centers.

The labor unrest stimulated

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The Middle Ages and Renaissance: Key Events and Figures

The Middle Ages: A Time of Transformation

The Middle Ages were a time of great change in Europe, much of it inspired by the Christian Church.

The Church’s Influence in the Middle Ages

The Church began to influence politics, art, and the daily lives of people all over the continent.

The Leader of the Church

The most powerful religious leader was the Pope, the head of the Christian Church. The Pope’s decisions had a huge effect on people’s lives.

The Crusades

The Crusades were a series of religious wars

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Gothic Art and Architecture: Origins and Evolution

Gothic Art

Introduction

The Romanesque period found itself in a time of change for monumental art:

  • Evolution of theological and philosophical thinking: The replacement of Plato by Aristotle, with a tendency toward naturalism in the plastic arts.
  • The Cistercian reform: This removed all types of decoration.
  • The Awakening of Humanism: Translating into a love for man.
  • New socio-economic structure: The awakening of cities, with the growth of emerging social classes and the bourgeoisie.

Urban Gothic developed,

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Avant-Garde Movements, Early 20th Century Architecture, Stalinism, and WWII Causes

The Avant-Garde

Fauvism: Fauve means “beast” in French. It was a style of painting with vivid and non-naturalistic colors. Key artist: Matisse.

Expressionism: A cultural movement that involved art, theater, literature, and cinema that started in Germany. Art was used to depict human emotions. Key artists: Munch (The Scream), Grosz (Metropolis).

Cubism: An artistic style developed in France that simplified the representation of figures by using geometric shapes with no reference to depth. Key artists:

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US Government, Immigration, and Key Historical Events

US Federal System of Government

The U.S. has a Federal System of government composed of: a central (or federal) government seated in Washington D.C, and the state governments of the 50 states.

Government Branches

  • Legislative: Makes the laws
  • Executive: Administers and enforces the laws
  • Judicial: Solves conflicts between citizens, between citizens and government, and within the government

Fundamental Rights and Privileges

Freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, freedom of association,

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Franco’s Dictatorship: Political Crisis, Opposition, and Death

The Crises of the Dictatorship

6.1 The Political Crisis of the Regime

In 1973, Luis Carrero Blanco was appointed president of the government, a figure crucial for maintaining the regime after Franco’s death. However, these plans were disrupted when Carrero Blanco was assassinated by ETA in Madrid. This event widened the gap between the immobilistes, who advocated for the regime’s continuation at any cost, and the oberturistes, who sought gradual change through political associations within the Movement.

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