Rise of the Bolsheviks and the Russian Revolution
The Rise of the Bolsheviks
At the First Socialist International, a split emerged regarding World War I. Some supported their governments, while others favored using the war to unite workers against the bourgeoisie. Vladimir Lenin, leader of the Bolsheviks, returned to Russia in April 1917 and proposed his April Theses:
- Rejection of the Provisional Government and its decision to continue the war.
- Control of production and distribution by the Soviets.
- Transformation of the bourgeois republic into a republic
Columbus’ Voyages and the Almogavars: A Historical Overview
The Discovery of America
The exposition of the Portuguese court and the Catholic monarchs was initially rejected. The plans were postponed until after the conquest of Granada. Columbus met Fray Juan Perez, who provided him with a letter of recommendation for the capitulation of Reina. The Capitulations of Santa Fe were signed, where Columbus was appointed admiral of all discovered lands and seas, viceroy and governor, entitled to one-tenth of the goods, the possibility of appointing judges, the right
Read MoreCompromise of 1850 and Antebellum Reform Movements
Ancient Architecture and Art: Key Monuments
Key Monuments in Ancient Architecture and Art
Asian Art and Architecture
Pagoda: Derived from the Indian Stupa. Kondo: Golden Hall (meditation hall housing Buddha statues). Stupa: A major architectural development in Buddhist art.
(Japan) Main Shrine, Ise: Associated with Shinto. The building is rebuilt every 20 years using wood from the surrounding forest. Horyuji Temple: This complex is associated with Buddhism. The two central buildings are the Pagoda and Kondo.
(China) Terra Cotta Warriors, Tomb
Read MoreSpanish Civil War: Republican Zone Politics
Political Developments in the Republican Zone
The Initial Uprising and Government Changes
At the time of the uprising, the government resigned, and Casares Quiroga commissioned Martínez Barrio and Azaña to form another. The failure in its efforts to cripple the military rebellion and the fear of arming the people led him to resign on July 19, 1936. Azaña then entrusted Joseph Giral to form a government made up of moderate Republicans. Giral delivered arms to the people, organized in chaotic boards,
Read MoreThe Great Depression: Causes, Development, and Solutions
Causes of the Great Depression
The war favored over-industrialization outside Europe and the USA. Some Americans and colonial countries had established their own textile mills and some of the war’s steel industries. Afterward, France’s growth did not stop, and it thrived in global production. The global economy produced more than it consumed. Speculative capital and a credit policy of cheap money were encouraged by the ease and low interest on loans from the Federal Reserve System. This cheap and
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