Women’s Rights: A Historical Perspective in Britain and the USA
Women’s Rights in Britain and the USA
British Women
Women in Britain commonly worked as domestic servants, teachers, or nurses. They also found employment in the textile industry. A few women were allowed to work in professions such as law, medicine, engineering, or architecture. Unmarried women, often called “spinsters,” frequently worked in textile mills. Queen Victoria believed that women were helpmates for men, with distinct duties and vocations.
Two significant associations emerged: the National
Read MoreUSSR Formation, NEP, and Stalin’s Rise to Power
Formation of the USSR
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) became a federal state governed by the 1924 constitution. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was identified as the ruling party. The Congress of Soviets served as the supreme state organ with legislative power. The government was headed by a president with executive power.
The New Economic Policy (NEP)
Lenin described the NEP as “a bad storm that would have to overcome as quickly as possible… a step back to take two
Read MoreFranco’s Decree: Abolishing Basque Economic Concert (1937)
Franco’s Decree: Elimination of the Economic Concert
This document addresses the elimination of the Economic Concert in Biscay and Gipuzkoa. It is a legal text, specifically a law, written in 1937 by Francisco Franco at the end of the Civil War in the Basque territories. As an official, first-level text, its intended audience is all citizens.
Following the abolition of the Basque territories’ fueros (charters) in 1876, the Basque people were granted the Economic Concert. Although losing the fueros
Read MoreThe Great Depression and Totalitarianism
CRASH OF 1929
Economic prosperity came to an end in 1929. This was the year in which the US experienced a severe economic crisis caused by excess production in relation to consumption. During the First World War, the US agricultural industry and some other major industries had dramatically increased its production in order to supply their allies in the war. However, by the end of the war, the demand in these countries decreased, creating an accumulation of stock in agricultural products and industrial
Read MoreThe Bolshevik Revolution: From Tsar to Soviets
The Russian Revolution of 1917
The First World War significantly impacted the Russian economy, which was ill-prepared for a prolonged conflict. Military defeats against Germany and substantial loss of life exacerbated the existing problems of supply and transport in the rear. The population was starving, and morale was at an all-time low.
The Events of February: The Fall of the Tsar
A strike on February 23, 1917, by textile workers in the capital inspired other workers to express solidarity. This escalated
Read MoreSpain’s Transition to Democracy: Arias to Suárez
Arias Navarro’s government faced significant challenges, including constant strikes by workers in construction, metal, post offices, public transportation, and banking. The most violent of these occurred in Vitoria in March 1976, resulting in 5 deaths and dozens of injuries. The rise of terrorism by ETA and GRAPO, public order issues due to street protests by the opposition, and the events of Montejurra in May 1976, which involved clashes between the two branches of the Carlist movement, further
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