Russian Revolution: Bolsheviks, Civil War, and Lenin’s Legacy

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

The Bolshevik Revolution

As soon as the new Bolshevik government was formed, Lenin enacted many new laws. For example, divorce was made easier, free education for all was planned, and some of the minority peoples in Russia, such as the Georgians and Ukrainians, were offered more independence. The Bolsheviks claimed to represent the proletariat, the working people, based on the Marxist theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat. Lenin advocated for the Bolshevik party to act as a dictator. Most

Read More

Absolutism in Eastern Europe (1462-1740): Austria, Prussia, Russia

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

Chapter 17: Absolutism in Eastern Europe to 1740

  1. Lords and Peasants in Eastern Europe

    1. The Medieval Background

      1. During the period from 1050 to 1300, personal and economic freedom for peasants increased, and serfdom nearly disappeared.
      2. After 1300, lords in eastern Europe revived serfdom to combat their economic woes.
      3. Laws were passed that bound peasants to the land and to the lord.
      4. Lords confiscated peasant lands and imposed greater labor obligations on them.

    2. The Consolidation of Serfdom

      1. Hereditary serfdom
Read More

Spain’s Modern Political History: UCD to Present Day

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

The Democratic Governments

Governments of the UCD

After a stage of consensus, the political situation grew tense due to several factors:

  • Problems stemming from the economic crisis and its effects on the people.
  • Difficult articulation of a decentralized organization of the state.
  • Increased terrorist activity by ETA.
  • Coup threats and unrest linked to military sectors of Francoism.

In January 1981, Suárez resigned amidst division within his party and the strength of the opposition.

Coup d’État of 23-F

The

Read More

Cold War: Origins, Characteristics, and Global Impact

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

The Cold War: The New Post-War Order

Origin and Characteristics of the Cold War

The end of the Second World War, with the defeat of fascist states, marked the beginning of a new era in world history. The Allied victory was not the end of conflict, but the start of a long period of renewed tensions. Disagreements were evident within the winning side, especially between the Americans and Soviets.

Although Britain and France also participated in the allied victory, the very high material and social costs

Read More

World War I: Origins and Impact

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

Causes and Consequences of World War I

Causes of WWI

  • Militarism: The build-up of armed forces to prepare for war. Many countries in Europe were very proud and wanted to defend themselves as well as they could.
  • Alliances: Agreements between countries to defend or fight together. Germany built up her armed forces to defend herself against other countries.
  • Imperialism: The belief of a country in building up an empire and controlling less powerful countries. Many European countries made agreements or promises
Read More

Decolonization, Conflicts, and Dictatorships: 1970-2001

Posted by on Mar 20, 2025 in History | 0 comments

Factors Influencing Decolonization

  • Weakening of metropolitan areas.
  • Right to self-determination.
  • Criticism of colonialism by the Socialist International.
  • Independence promised in exchange for help during wars.
  • Support for independence from the U.S. and USSR.
  • UN position on colonies.
  • Desire to avoid another war.

Asia: Conflicts and Political Changes

India and Pakistan

Confrontation between India and Pakistan over Kashmir.

Korea

Attempts to unify the two Koreas; armistice and economic cooperation.

Indonesia

Emergence

Read More