C Programming Fundamentals: Arrays, Functions, and Search Algorithms

Array Initialization Methods in C

Arrays in C can be initialized in two main ways:

1. Compile-Time Initialization

Values are assigned at the time of declaration.

int arr[5] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5};

If fewer values are provided than the array size, the unused elements are automatically initialized to 0:

int arr[5] = {1, 2}; // arr = {1, 2, 0, 0, 0}

2. Run-Time Initialization

Values are entered during execution using input functions like scanf().

int arr[5], i;
for(i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
    scanf("%d", &
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