Understanding Census Data, Economy, and Human Needs
Census and Population Studies
Census: A statistical tool used to study a population in a specific area or country at a given time.
- In Chile, a census is conducted every 10 years.
- It involves a survey carried out by census takers, going house to house.
Information Obtained Through Census:
- Population size
- Population density
- Population distribution
- Place of residence, sex, age
- Religion
- Ethnicity
- Living conditions and property ownership
Note: Census data may contain inaccuracies due to false information or unemployment
Read MoreEnvironmental Impact of Human Activities: Deforestation and Pollution
Environmental Impact of Human Activities
Deforestation
One of the primary causes of deforestation is forest fires, which are very frequent during Mediterranean summers. Other contributing factors include waste and environmental damage. There are two main types of causes for these fires:
- Natural Causes: The Mediterranean climate, characterized by heat and dryness in the summer, Mediterranean vegetation vulnerable to fire, and lightning.
- Human Causes: Agricultural or pasture accidents, electrical lines,
Demographic Shifts & Climate Analysis: Spain (1960-2001)
Demographic and Climate Changes in Spain (1960-2001)
Population Analysis (1960 vs. 2001)
Youth Population (0-10 years)
Comparison: The youth population in 2001 was reduced by 25% to 50% compared to 1960.
Explanation: This change is due to factors such as delayed marriage, increased costs of raising children, and greater female participation in the workforce.
Social Consequences: Reduced school enrollment, potential failure to ensure generational change, and strain on the welfare state due to an aging
Read MoreModern Agricultural Techniques and Crop Production
Modern Farming and Crop Production
Traditional agriculture was a polyculture system based on older techniques and extensive farming. Production was primarily for consumption. Today’s agriculture has undergone major changes in structure and production, adopting modern techniques such as:
- Selected Seeds and Transgenic Crops: Using selected seeds and transgenic crops.
- Pesticides and Fertilizers: The application of pesticides and fertilizers.
- Mechanization: The introduction of machinery (since the 1960s)
Primary Industries: A Comprehensive Look at Agriculture and Livestock
The Primary Sector: Agriculture and Livestock
The primary sector comprises agriculture, livestock, fisheries, and forestry.
Agricultural Activities and Environmental Factors
Agricultural activities are conditioned by the physical environment, including climate, topography, and soil.
The Weather
Weather is a crucial factor for agricultural development.
The Relief
Agriculture is usually located in plains and valleys. Sometimes, hillsides are terraced to create usable land.
Soil
The type of soil affects the
Read MoreUnderstanding Key Agricultural Terms and Land Uses
Key Agricultural Terms Defined
Estates: Large farms characterized by insufficient use of available resources.
Smallholder: Small rural property with an area sufficient to disable a farm.
Intensive Agriculture: Agricultural production system with a media-intensive horticultural production (Mediterranean).
Extensive Agriculture: Farm-based on a large amount of land, low labor, and low yields (Interior).
Primary Sector Activities: Activities related to procurement and production (agriculture, livestock,
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