Enlightenment Reforms & Second Industrial Revolution Impact

Economic and Financial Reforms (18th Century)

Agriculture Reforms

  • New irrigation works were implemented.
  • Areas previously fallow or underutilized were cultivated.
  • Pósitos (public granaries) were established.
  • The privileges of the Mesta (sheep farmers’ guild) were abolished.

Commerce and Industry Reforms

  • Internal customs were abolished.
  • Domestic industry was protected.
  • The creation of royal manufactures was sponsored.

Financial Reforms

To rationalize taxes and ascertain the nation’s true wealth, land registers

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Impact of the Industrial Revolution: Labor, Socialism, and Anarchism

The Labor Movement and Social Welfare

The accelerated industrialization brought forth a new social class: the proletariat. Workers exchanged their labor for money, often enduring 14 to 16-hour days in heavily polluted sites with strict discipline. There was no insurance, no weekends, and nothing protected the workers. Wages were extremely low, barely at subsistence level, and life was miserable. Houses and neighborhoods lacked basic sanitation or hygiene.

Chartism: Early British Workers’ Demands

Very

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Agricultural Systems: Land Use, Farm Structures, and Livestock Dynamics

Major Soil Types and Their Distribution

Soil types differ broadly. Four main types of soil are:

  • Arable land: Occupied by different crops, spread especially in the basins and inland valleys.
  • Meadows and pastures: Intended for the production of grass for livestock feed. Three types of situations differentiate these: seasonal pastures, permanent pastures, and high-altitude grazing.
  • Forest areas: Correspond to deciduous species.
  • Other land uses: Including unproductive wasteland and urbanized areas.

Factors

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Venezuela’s Regions: Geography, Economy, and Resources

Venezuelan Geographical Regions and Economic Dynamics

Sierra de Perijá

  • Depression of tectonic origin, covered by Quaternary sediments.
  • Possesses fertile soil for economic development.
  • Rivers facilitate the installation of electricity generating plants.
  • Gusare, Socuy, and Cachirí rivers are large reserves of coal.
  • Includes areas in Mérida, Táchira, and Trujillo mountains.

Lake Maracaibo

  • Located northeast of the country.
  • Situated between the Andes Mountains and the Sierra de Perijá.
  • Has large deposits
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New York City’s Premier Landmarks and Attractions

Rockefeller Center: A Midtown Marvel

Rockefeller Center is a group of impressive buildings constructed in the 1930s. It houses theaters, corporate offices, and fine restaurants, including the 70th-floor GE Building, which holds the main studio for the NBC TV network. During Christmas, special decorations transform the area, featuring an outdoor ice-skating rink and an enormous Christmas tree. This tree is no less than 20 meters high and adorned with 30,000 multi-colored LED lights. At the center

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Slovakia’s Economic Landscape: Industry, Agriculture, and Resources

Slovakia’s Industrial Sector

Key Industrial Location Factors

  • General Factors: Natural resources, Water supply, Infrastructure/Transportation, Energy, Government policy, Workforce availability, Agglomeration (clustering of industries).

Specific Company Location Factors

  • U.S. Steel Košice: Workforce, Transportation.
  • KIA Žilina: Workforce, Transportation.
  • Slovnaft Bratislava: Raw materials, Water supply.

Major Automobile Manufacturing Hubs

  • KIA: Žilina
  • Peugeot: Trnava
  • Volkswagen: Bratislava

Key Industrial Sectors

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