The Wild West: Expansion, Conflict, and Innovation in 19th Century America
Chapter 14: Miners, Railroads, and Cattlemen (Realism)
The California Gold Rush
1848: The discovery of gold in California set off a massive wave of migration to the American West. When gold was found at a sawmill, word spread quickly. With reports of abandoned mines, fertile fields, and vacant houses, people from all walks of life rushed to California hoping to strike it rich.
Population Boom: In just four years, the population of California exploded from 15,000 to 250,000. Over the next two decades,
Read MoreThe Right to Adequate Housing: Addressing Social Exclusion and Poor Living Conditions
Poor Housing and Social Indicators
Definition of Dwelling
Dwelling is considered to be any enclosure, separate and independent, constructed or adapted for the shelter of people. The WHO states that it should provide resources for personal hygiene and sanitation, facilitate child development, and promote a balanced family life. Housing can reduce risk factors and social exclusion.
Substandard Housing
Substandard housing is unsafe, not durable, and lacks the necessary resources for optimal child development.
Read MoreUnderstanding Economic Activity, Agents, and Production Factors
1. Economic Activity, Components, and Sectors
1.1. Economic Activity
Goods can be:
- Material
- Inmaterial
1.2. Components of Economic Activity
- Production: Combined number of goods that result from economic activity.
- Distribution: Transfer of products to consumers and their sales on the market.
- Consumption: Use of goods from production.
1.3. Sectors of Economic Activity
Economic activity covers a wide range of activities, which are grouped into three economic sectors:
- Primary Sector: Activities concerned with
Exploring the Modern Age: Discoveries, Reformation, and Humanism
Definitions
Treaty of Tordesillas: This treaty established a frontier 370 leagues to the west of the Cape Verde islands: the lands located to the west of the line would belong to Castilla and those to the east to Portugal. As a result, Portugal skalted its claim to Brazil in 1500
Caravel: Was a lightweight vessel with three masts, enabling it to combine square and triangular sails and navigate even in adverse wind conditions. It also had a hold which could carry plenty of supplies for long journeys
Mercantilism:
The Early Modern Age: Economic and Social Change, Rise of Modern States, and Humanism
1. The Early Modern Age
The Early Modern Age (1453-1789)
The Early Modern Age began in 1453 with the Fall of Constantinople and ended with the French Revolution in 1789.
1.1. Economic Transformation
- Increased agricultural production: An increase in the amount of land under cultivation. No technological advances. Agriculture and livestock farming were the main source of economic activity. Societies were very vulnerable: during the years of bad crops, hunger and disease reappeared.
- Intensified commercial
Urban Sprawl: Causes, Effects, and Solutions
Definition
Urban sprawl is a form of urban growth characterized by low-density development on large plots of land, often extending far beyond city limits. It’s also described as the uncontrolled expansion of housing, commercial areas, and roads over vast spaces, with little regard for cohesive urban planning. Ironically, some of the most densely populated urban areas are also labeled as the most “sprawling.”
This type of development is prevalent in the United States and many other countries. It stems
Read More