Spain Under Franco: Regime Consolidation and Economic Growth
1. The Institutions and the Consolidation of the Regime
The dictator, who concentrated all power, assumed from the beginning the role of system component. Gradually, various organizational laws were approved, forming what came to be called the Fundamental Laws of Motion:
- Labor Law, 1938: Prohibition of free trade unions. Following the Fascist model, the Vertical Union Organization was set up as the single trade union controlled by the Falange.
- Constitutive Act of the Cortes, 1942: Cortes elected by
Urbanization in Spain: A Historical Overview
Industrial Urbanization (Mid-19th to Mid-20th Century)
Socioeconomic Growth and Provincial Capitals
From 1833, provincial capitals experienced significant growth, driven by socioeconomic factors and the establishment of government services and institutions. Growth was slow until the second third of the 19th century.
Demolition of Medieval Walls and Urban Expansion
From the second third of the 19th century until the Civil War, medieval walls were demolished, making way for bourgeois expansions with
Read MoreVocational Training Courses in Barquisimeto
Vocational Training Courses
Industry Services
Automotive
- Mechanical Operator
- Email Alignment and Balancing
- Programming and Front-End Alignment
- PC Maintenance & Repair
- Auto Electrical
- Electronically Controlled Automatic Cases
Other Services
- AutoCAD
- Basic and Advanced Blacksmithing (Aluminum)
- Basic Welding
- Free Software
Tourism
Tourism
- Tourism Assistant
- Tourism Guide
- Waitress
- Ceremonial, Protocol, and Etiquette
- Fair Guide
- Organization of Events and Protocol
Hospitality
- Basic Bar and Food Service
- Room Service and Lingerie
- Shopping
Health
- Nutrition
Understanding Agricultural Practices and Landscapes
Definitions
Primary Sector
The primary sector encompasses activities that involve obtaining natural resources, including agriculture, breeding, holding, forestry, fishing, and mining.
Agricultural Area
An agricultural area is created when humans modify natural spaces for agricultural, forestry, husbandry, and other related activities.
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of plant products for human or animal consumption, or as raw materials for industry.
Cropping Systems
Cropping systems aim to overcome
Read MoreSpanish Urban Planning: A Historical Overview
Types of City Plans in Spain
Spanish cities exhibit diverse urban plans, often combining open spaces with built-up areas. While some cities maintain a single plan type, larger and older cities typically feature a mix. Common plan types include irregular, orthogonal, and radiocentric (circular).
Irregular Plans
The oldest plan type, found in ancient and medieval cultures, is characterized by a lack of formal planning. Narrow, non-rectilinear streets result in poor circulation, limited ventilation, and
Read MoreHistory of Spain: From Roman Hispania to the Catholic Monarchs
1. The Roots: Roman Hispania
1.1 Hominization in the Iberian Peninsula
The humanization process in the Iberian Peninsula reflects the expansion of hominids from Africa to Asia and Europe. The Sierra de Atapuerca findings are significant, revealing the oldest remains in Western Europe. These include Homo antecessor (circa 800,000 years old) and Homo heidelbergensis (350,000 years old). Later stages include Homo sapiens neanderthalensis (100,000 years old) and Homo sapiens sapiens (40,000 years old)
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