Economic and Social Changes in 19th Century Spain
Economic and Social Changes in 19th Century Spain
Economic Changes
Confiscation Process and Agricultural Changes
Throughout the 19th century, Western Europe underwent radical changes in its social and economic structures with the onset of the Industrial Revolution and the era of capitalism. However, in Spain and Southeastern Europe, these economic changes were delayed and incomplete.
The agricultural changes in Spain during the 19th century were inadequate. The liberal land reform initiated by the progressive
Read MoreGlossary of Geography and Economic Terms
Urban System
Refers to the broader urban area rather than a specific city, encompassing forms like conurbations, metropolitan areas, urban agglomerations, and megalopolises.
River Basin
A region where water drains along converging lines, forming a river’s power area. In Spain, watersheds are administratively organized within Hydrographic Confederations to manage water resources.
Trade Balance
Records transactions of goods (imports and exports). Along with Services and Revenue & Transfers, it forms
Read MorePolitical & Administrative Organization of Spain
1. The Political and Administrative Organization of Spain
Spain is a decentralized state where power is distributed among various constituencies. These territorial divisions include:
- State Government
- Provinces
- Municipalities
1.1. Evolution
The administrative division of Spain has changed over time. Even in ancient times, the Romans divided the Iberian Peninsula into different provinces. Initially, it was divided into two:
- Nearer Spain (Ebro Valley and Mediterranean Coast)
- Further Spain (rest)
Later, in the
Read MoreUnderstanding Agricultural Practices and Systems
Agricultural Practices and Systems
Primary Sector
The primary sector encompasses activities that extract resources from nature, including:
- Agriculture
- Livestock
- Fisheries
- Forestry
- Mining
Agricultural Space
Agricultural space is natural space modified by humans for agriculture, livestock, and forestry. It’s influenced by both physical and human factors.
Land Exploitation
Land exploitation refers to all production measures related to land ownership.
Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of land for plant
Read MoreGeopolitics, Economics, and Energy Resources
Geopolitical Space
Western World
The Western world (USA, Australia, Europe) shares common geopolitical characteristics.
Latin America
Latin America encompasses the territories conquered and ruled by the Spanish and Portuguese between the 16th and 19th centuries, including all of America south of and including central Mexico. A legacy of conquest includes cultural uniformity, with Catholicism as the predominant religion and Spanish and Portuguese as the primary languages. However, diverse ethnicities
Read MoreEuropean Union and Spain: History, Politics, and Regional Organization
European States and the European Union
Current States of Europe
There are 49 independent states in Europe. Many have a long history, while some have their origins in recent changes that took place after 1989, following the fall of communism in Eastern Europe. Disparities: European states have many differences according to their size, location, shape, population, and wealth.
European Union: History
The Second World War (1939-1945) devastated Europe. The bleak landscape urged European countries to cooperate
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