Peru’s Biodiversity: Economic Potential and Conservation
Current Importance
The national economy relies on biodiversity for approximately 60% of its production, including agriculture, fisheries, livestock, and forestry. Biodiversity is crucial for local populations’ self-sufficiency, surpassing export income from related products (fishing, hunting, medicinal plants, crafts, etc.).
Biodiversity as a Strategic Resource
Global biodiversity is increasingly vital in genetic resources, new chemical compounds, and cosmetics. Genetic resources of cultivated and
Read MoreUnderstanding Spanish Migration Patterns
Migration Overview
Migration involves movement of people, encompassing emigration (leaving) and immigration (arriving).
Internal Migration
Internal migration refers to movements within a country’s borders.
Historical Internal Migration
Traditional Internal Migration: Late 19th century to 1975 economic crisis. Peasants moved to industrial cities for work. Seasonal and temporary migration occurred in the late 19th century and 1960s, involving travel to rural areas for agricultural work or to towns during
Read MoreSpain’s Economic Journey: From Medieval Times to European Integration
Terms Overview (16th-20th Centuries)
Iberian Peninsula, Key Features: Complex landscape and steep, rugged relief created difficulties in connecting with the interior and led to high construction costs. Institutional constraints on agricultural expansion, market integration problems, and challenges in trade liberalization and promotion of colonial manufacturing also posed significant hurdles.
The Legacy of the Medieval Past and Modern Era (10th-18th Centuries)
In Europe, around 800 AD, the average age
Read MoreSpanish Agriculture: Crops, Livestock, and Modernization
Spanish Agriculture
Crops
Cereals
Cereals are grown for human consumption, livestock feed, and industrial production. The main producing areas are in the drylands of the interior and in wetter regions where technological advancements have boosted production. Wheat, barley, rice, oats, and maize are the primary cereal crops. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has significantly influenced cereal production, with reforms linking aid to production levels to maintain the sector’s activity.
Legumes
Legumes
Read MoreTransportation Systems and Their Impact on Economic Development
Transportation: A Driving Force in Economic Activity
Transportation, the movement of people and goods, plays a vital role in economic activity. It encompasses various modes:
- Land: Road and rail.
- Sea: Shipping and river navigation.
- Air: Air transport.
In Spain, transportation employs over 5.5% of the workforce and contributes over 6% to the GDP. Its significance stems from three key functions:
1. Connecting Producers and Consumers
Transportation facilitates the interaction between producers and consumers,
Read MorePopulation, Migration & Economic Systems
1. Population
A population is a group of people who live in a territory or place at a particular moment. Since the Neolithic Revolution, when humans became sedentary and started developing agriculture, livestock farming, mining, trade, and social organization, population growth has been determined by agricultural areas, the natural environment, climate, and catastrophic events.
19th and 21st Centuries
The Industrial Revolution began in the 18th century and developed significantly in the mid-19th century.
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