Economic Evolution in Spain: Franco Era to 1973
Economic Policy During the Franco Regime
After the war, there was a large decrease in population due to fighting (killed and maimed) and repression (prisoners and exiles). Moreover, agrarian and industrial production was much lower than in 1935, gold reserves and foreign exchange disappeared, and the transport network was deteriorating.
The post-war period saw the beginning of autarky, an economic system under which a nation must be able to supply itself and survive, meeting all its needs with minimal
Read MoreSpanish Population: Trends, Structure, and Future Projections
**Real Growth**
We define real growth as the actual growth of a population, taking into account both natural and migratory movements. Since 1998, we have experienced a new upward trend, and the Spanish population has increased by 6.1 million people, with the current population exceeding 46 million.
**Uneven Spatial Distribution**
Population density is the demographic indicator that relates the population to the space it occupies. The Spanish population density is 90.9 inhabitants per km2. However,
Read MoreIndustrialization and Liberal Revolution: 19th Century Economic Shifts
**Industrialization in the 19th Century: A Comparative View**
The industrialization process during the 19th century varied across nations. While not identical, each country’s path was influenced by factors such as resource availability, following the pattern set by England.
**Demographic Shifts**
Population growth was notably faster in Europe, the USA, and regions colonized by Europe. These areas gained prominence in the global population, while Asia and Africa experienced slower growth. These differences
Read MoreThe Rise of Capitalism and the Industrial Revolution
Read MoreIn 1792, he joined the French revolutionary army, and years later, formed the American Grand Lodge. His ideals of independence were accompanied by a project to form a large American state in the hands of a descendant of the Incas. He was one of those most responsible for Venezuela’s independence. He died in prison in Cadiz after having devoted his life to the revolutionary cause.
Mariano Moreno received his doctorate in law from Chuquisaca. Returning to Buenos Aires, he practiced law and was an
Colonial Expansion of Industrial Powers in the 19th and 20th Centuries
**Colonial Expansion of Industrial Powers**
**Reasons for Imperialism**
The reasons for imperialism were varied, including the need to involve the whole planet in its production system, along with political, cultural, scientific, and psychological interests. The main ones were:
- Demographic: Demographic pressure in Europe, as a result of population growth in the 19th century, generated migration to other continents.
- Economic: High levels of production and consumption during the second half of the 19th
Industrial Evolution in Spain: Past, Present, and Future
1. The Historical Evolution of the Industry
Spain experienced a late industrialization in relation to the advanced countries of Europe.
1.1 Industrialization Until the Early Twentieth Century
Several factors explain the late incorporation into the Spanish industrialization process:
- An important technological backwardness compared to other European countries.
- The shortage of funds caused by a bourgeoisie that did not commit to the industrializing process.
- Need for foreign capital to supplement the limited