Spanish Geography: Relief, Rivers, and Climate Zones

Relief of Spain

The Spanish territory occupies most of the Iberian Peninsula, the Balearic Islands, the cities of Ceuta and Melilla in North Africa, and the Canary Islands. Its relief shows great diversity and a high average altitude (660 meters).

  • Central Plateau (Meseta Central): A large central plateau, divided into two sub-plateaus (north and south) by the Central System, which includes the mountain ranges of Somosierra, Guadarrama, and Gredos.
  • Peripheral Mountain Ranges: Surrounding the plateau
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Spain’s Economy: Fishing, Energy, Industry, Agriculture & Mining

Fishing in Spain

Fishing is an important economic activity in Spain. There are two different major fishing regions:

  • Atlantic Region
  • Mediterranean Region

Fishing activity has the following problems:

  • The exhaustion of domestic boilers
  • The limits on catches
  • The age of the fleet

They have made a conversion of fishing. Measures taken include:

  • The modernization of the fleet
  • The establishment of joint fishing companies
  • Aid to areas most affected
  • The development of aquaculture

Energy Sources in Spain

Non-Renewable Energy

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Valencia Silk Exchange: History and Architecture

Valencia Silk Exchange

Chronology

Built between 1482 and 1498.

Style

The Hall is in the Catalan Gothic style, while the Consulate of the Sea is in the Renaissance style. Architects: Pere Compte, Joan Ivarra, Joan Corbera, and Domingo Urteaga. Materials used: wood and stone. Construction system: architraved and vaulted.

  1. Use of pointed arches and ribbed vaults.
  2. Adaptation of the building to its intended function.
  3. Increasingly complicated structures (arches and domes).
  4. Lacks the complex ornamentation of cathedrals.
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Primary and Secondary Sectors: Agriculture, Livestock, Fishing, and Industry

Primary Sector

The primary sector includes economic activities related to obtaining resources from nature.

Activities in the Primary Sector

Agriculture is the cultivation of land to obtain grasses, vegetables, bushes, trees, food for people, fodder, and raw materials for industry.

Natural Factors

  • Climate: The growth of plants depends on the temperature, humidity of the land, and amount of light received.
  • Land Relief: The best lands are flat lands and valley bottoms.
  • Soil and Vegetation: The soil provides
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International Panorama and the Old Regime in the 17th Century

The International Panorama in the 17th Century

The International Panorama (Hegemony) in the 17th century corresponded to the Spanish monarchy, ruled by the house based on the great Austria. Its territorial inheritance was received in Europe by Charles I, and the vast colonial empire in America. This was conquered by France. Since the middle of the 17th century, these conflicts accounted for Spain’s loss of its European possessions and continental hegemony, which went to France.

Colonial Hegemony

Colonial

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Zhou Dynasty: Society, Economy, and Beliefs in Ancient China

The Zhou Dynasty: A Comprehensive Look

The Zhou Dynasty overthrew the Shang around 1100 BCE and governed for 800 years. The Zhou adopted many ideas from the Shang system. The government was hierarchical, with growing responsibilities for the King, who was served by a bureaucracy. He ruled with the Mandate of Heaven. Even though he had the mandate, he could be overthrown if he neglected his duties. Dynasties claimed the “Mandate of Heaven,” which stated: “He who wins is the King, he who loses

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