Arcor: History and Global Expansion of the Candy Giant

Arcor: From Humble Beginnings to Global Success

Arcor was born on July 5, 1951, when a group of entrepreneurs, led by Fulvio Salvador Pagani, opened a candy factory in Arroyito, Córdoba, Argentina. The company name “Arcor” is a combination of the initials of Arroyito and Córdoba, representing the city and province where the company was established in Argentina. In 1958, Arcor launched its first nationwide communication campaign on radio, television, and film, promoting a raffle.

Product Diversification

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Urban Planning: City Concepts, Morphology, and Transport

City Concepts and Criteria

City planning considers three main criteria:

  1. Numeric: Starting rates vary by city, for example: Argentina (ARG), Belarus (BY), France (FRA) 2000, U.S. 2500, Austin 5000, Spain (ESP) 10,000, and Mechanics 20,000.
  2. Concentration: Density, continuity, and real numbers, focusing on the continuity of houses.
  3. Professional Activity: No need to exclude large cities and rural areas, including Mediterranean and major fishing ports.

Urban Morphology

Urban morphology examines the city’s

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UAE Infrastructure and Development: A Comprehensive Look

Chapter 7: UAE Infrastructure and Development

Introduction

There is a renewed focus on urban planning in the UAE as the recent economic boom has brought with it a rapidly rising population and a wide range of real estate, commercial, and industrial development.

Urban planners have met the resulting challenges, such as traffic congestion, housing shortages, and improvement of infrastructure, with visionary long-term plans that focus on boosting the quality of life for all while pursuing the goal of

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Spain’s 19th Century: Agriculture and Industrialization

The Spanish Agricultural Situation in the 19th Century

Liberal Agrarian Reform

In the first half of the 19th century, Spain underwent a liberal agrarian reform. During this process, domains and jurisdictional rights were abolished. Private property was split, and most church and municipal lands were disentailed. The ability to freely buy and sell land led to an increase in agricultural production, although cropping systems remained backward and archaic. Despite this, land remained a significant source

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Agricultural Economy and Society in the Old Regime

1. Land Ownership

  • Ownership of the Land: In the Old Regime, agriculture was the most important source of wealth. A small part of the land was private property, freely available to use and sell. The other part belonged to the Church, a municipality, or the Crown.
  • Plenary Power: Landowners had full power over their land. They economically exploited it and could not sell it. These lands were called *Señorio Territorial* and were divided into:
    • Demesne: Land and production, where they had their residence.
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Key Concepts in Agriculture and Farming Practices in Spain

Fallow

Fallow is a traditional practice of dryland farming. It involves letting the land rest for a variable time to recover its natural fertility. Today, this method is often replaced by a modified fallow, which reduces the rest period by planting a spring crop that is collected before the summer.

Farmland

Farmland is the techno-economic unit where agricultural products are obtained under the responsibility of an entrepreneur. It groups all the plots worked by the same farmer, regardless of tenure.

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