Evolutionary Theories: From Fixism to Biodiversity

Posted by on Jan 21, 2025 in Fine Arts | 0 comments

Evolutionary Theories

Fixism: The theory that existing species have not changed since creation.

Creationism: The theory that species were created by God. Creationism is associated with fixism because it also defends the immutability of species.

Early Evolutionary Thought

Lamarckism (Theory of Acquired Characteristics):

  • Environmental conditions change over time.
  • Environmental changes create new needs, causing individuals to alter their habits or behaviors.
  • New habits lead to the greater or lesser use of
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Indian Constitution: Federal Structure with Centralized Features

Posted by on Jan 12, 2025 in Fine Arts | 0 comments

The Indian Constitution is often described as federal with a strong centralizing tendency. This means that while the Constitution establishes a federal structure, with powers distributed between the central government and the states, there are certain features that give more dominance and authority to the central government. Here’s an analysis of the federal and unitary features of the Indian Constitution:

Federal Features

  1. Division of Powers

    Distribution: The Constitution clearly divides powers between

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