Essential Skincare Ingredient Glossary and Functions

Posted by on Dec 23, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

Ingredient Types and Functions

Understanding ingredient categories is key to building an effective routine. Here are the main types:

  • Humectant: Draws moisture to the skin from the environment or deeper layers. Best for dry or combination skin. E.g., hyaluronic acid, glycerin, etc.
  • Emollient: Softens and smooths the skin by filling in cracks, leaving a silky feel. Best for mature, dry, or sensitive skin. E.g., squalane, silicones, etc.
  • Occlusives: Prevents water loss (TEWL) by forming a barrier. Ideal
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Essential Dermatology: Skin Lesion Definitions and Chronic Conditions

Posted by on Nov 25, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

Common Chronic Skin Conditions

  • Xerosis (Dry Skin)
  • Pruritus (Itching)

Primary Skin Lesions

Types of Primary Lesions

  1. Macule
  2. Patch
  3. Papule
  4. Plaque
  5. Nodule
  6. Tumor
  7. Wheal
  8. Vesicle
  9. Bulla
  10. Pustule

Definitions of Primary Lesions

  • Macule

    Small, flat, non-palpable lesion, **≤ 1 cm** in diameter.

  • Patch

    A large macule, flat, non-palpable lesion, **> 1 cm** in diameter.

  • Papule

    Small, elevated, solid lesion, **≤ 0.5 cm** in diameter, with no visible fluid.

  • Plaque

    Larger, elevated, solid lesion, **> 0.5 cm** in diameter. Can be a
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Comprehensive Human Anatomy: Integumentary, Muscular, Skeletal Systems

Posted by on Nov 25, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

I. Integumentary System: Functions

Physical Protection: The Skin Barrier

  • Prevention of Injury: The skin’s tough outer layers protect the body from physical trauma and injury. The epidermis, particularly the stratum corneum, provides a thick, durable layer.

  • Protection from Pathogens: The skin acts as a barrier to harmful microorganisms. Keratinocytes in the epidermis provide resistance to penetration, while Langerhans cells detect and initiate immune responses against invaders.

  • Protection from Harmful

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Endocrine Hormones and Skin Anatomy Facts

Posted by on Oct 31, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

Essential Facts about Hormones and the Integumentary System

The Endocrine System: Hormones and Their Functions

The endocrine system relies on hormones produced by various glands to regulate critical bodily functions. Below is a summary of key hormones, their source glands, and primary actions.

Major Hormones and Glands

  • Estrogen: Controls the development of female secondary sex characteristics (Ovary).
  • Testosterone: Controls the development of male secondary sex characteristics (Testes).
  • Calcitonin: Decreases
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Forensic Analysis of Sharp Force Trauma Wounds

Posted by on Oct 25, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

Wounds Caused by Cutting Instruments

Wounds caused by cutting instruments are defined by the existence of a thin blade and a triangular section edge (_filo_). True cutting instruments include: knives, razors, scalpels, etc.

Mechanism of Action

The edge penetrates the tissue like a wedge, dividing it and producing solutions of continuity.

Characteristics of Incised Injuries

Incised injuries typically fall into three types: linear wounds, flap wounds, or wounds resulting from oblique penetration.

Linear

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Anatomy and Histology: Systems, Tissues, and Cell Junctions

Posted by on Oct 2, 2025 in Environmental Biology | 0 comments

Integumentary System (IS)

  • Epidermis: Protects deeper tissues and prevents pathogen entry. Involved in Vitamin D (VD) production and preventing dehydration.
  • Dermis: Contains hair follicles, essential for detecting touch.
  • Sebaceous Glands (SG): Provide lubrication and moisture.
  • Sweat Glands: Crucial for thermoregulation.
  • Hypodermis: Functions primarily as fat storage.

Musculoskeletal and Skeletal Systems

Skeletal Muscles (MS) Functions

Skeletal muscles generate heat, provide support, and offer protection.

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