Mastering Conditionals, Temporal Clauses, Wishes, and Prefixes in English
Unit 4: Conditionals, Wishes, and Prefixes
Zero Conditional: If/Unless + Present Simple + Present Simple
Example: If you recycle materials, you help the environment. We use if + present simple in the condition and present simple in the result. It expresses situations that always repeat when a certain condition is met.
First Conditional: If/Unless + Present Simple + Future Simple/Imperative/Modal + Base Form
Example: If people pollute the oceans, many fish will die. Call me immediately if you have a
Read MoreMastering English Grammar: Purpose, Time, Result, and Reported Speech
Purpose Clauses
Purpose clauses are used to express the purpose of an action. They explain the motivation why someone does something. We use to-infinitive. We cannot use not to on its own. In order to and so as to are more formal. The staff are working today so as to complete the project.
Negative Forms
- In order not to
- So as not to
So that: after so that we use a subject and verb: so that it gets. We often use will or can for present purpose and would or could for a past purpose.
To or For?
- We can use
English Grammar Review: Key Concepts & Practice
English Grammar Review: Key Concepts
Final Test 2
1. Shopping: People used to buy items that were found locally. In the USA, people have been shopping online. Wiggly stores had never existed before. We got used to being able to buy anything online. In the future, will we still be doing our shopping online? Supermarkets may have disappeared. Shops have gradually disappeared. Will they be missed?
2. Modal Verbs & Structures: It must have been a great experience. People who/that help others
Read MoreClimate Change Denial: A Critical Response
Dear Editor,
I am writing in response to an article in Saturday’s edition of your newspaper. I strongly disagree with the headline stating that the strange weather we are experiencing is not caused by human activity.
First, it is obvious that we live in a universe in constant change and movement, and that throughout the history and prehistory of our planet, there have been changes. We do not know exactly at what point we should expect a dramatic change, or if the change is so gradual that it would
Read MoreLorca, Spain: A Local’s Perspective
Life in Lorca, Murcia
Dear Frank,
Thank you for your letter. I live in Lorca, a city in Murcia. I like Lorca because it is very warm, the food is delicious, and there are beautiful places to see. Lorca has mountains and beaches. You can visit places such as the Castle of Lorca, which is the best monument in the city. Also, you can visit during Easter Week. Easter Week in Lorca is a special week because people can see a parade live. So, April is the best time to come. In my flat, I have a spare room,
Read MoreEnglish Vocabulary and Grammar: Key Terms & Usage
Essential English Vocabulary
Environmental Terms
- Average: Promedio, media
- Carbon footprint: Huella de carbono
- Crop: Cosecha, cultivo
- Dump: Verter, tirar
- Eco-friendly: Ecológico
- Endangered: En peligro de extinción
- Flooding: Inundación
- Fossil fuel: Combustible fósil
- Greenhouse effect: Efecto invernadero
- Hazardous: Nocivo, tóxico, peligroso
- Landfill: Vertedero
- Large-scale: A gran escala, masivo
- Leak: Filtrar
- Melt: Derretirse
- Moisture: Humedad
- Soil: Suelo, tierra
- Thaw: Descongelar
- Waste: Residuos
Common Idioms
- Black