Chivalry, Moorish, and Byzantine Novels: An In-Depth Look

Chivalry Novels

Chivalry novels are epic tales that incorporate fantasy elements, such as dragons and wizards, and often feature magic. A prime example is the story of King Arthur and Merlin.

In the 16th century, these novels presented the fantastic adventures of knights-errant. The ideal Renaissance man appeared, depicted as a warrior who was also a writer and a nobleman. The beautiful woman was often portrayed as white, with blue eyes and light hair. The hero never dies, leaving the story open for

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Spanish Realism and Naturalism in Literature

Realism and Naturalism in 19th-Century Spain

Realism, a literary movement characterized by the search for exact reality through careful observation, grew throughout the second half of the nineteenth century. The cultivated genre was the novel. Naturalism, a literary movement created by Zola, takes Realism to its extreme consequences. It represents marginal characters and environments, defending human determinism and materialism. However, in Spain, it was not very successful because it limited the

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Clarín and Pérez Galdós: Masters of Spanish Realism

Leopoldo Alas “Clarín”: Life and Works

Leopoldo Alas, known as “Clarín,” was born in Zamora in 1852 but lived in Oviedo, Asturias, until his death in 1901. He felt a deep connection to Asturias. Clarín and Emilia Pardo Bazán are key figures of Spanish Naturalism, though they never reached the extremes of their French counterparts. The main features of Clarín’s works are:

  • Inspiration from Reality: His works are a reflection of real life.
  • Psychological Depth: Characters are portrayed with detailed
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Realism and Naturalism in 19th-Century Literature

Realism

Realism was a movement that arose in the second half of the nineteenth century, succeeding Romanticism. It was characterized by:

  1. Elimination of fantastic elements and sentimental excesses.
  2. Development of interest in nature, everyday life, and customs.
  3. Writers critically analyze objective reality, but do not portray it humorously.

This movement emerged in mid-century France, driven by certain artists who wanted to reflect society as it truly was.

Characteristics of Realism:

  • Rigorous observation
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T.S. Eliot’s Literary Theories: Key Concepts

Unification and Dissociation of Sensibility

This expression is used with either a philosophical or a literary critical meaning. T.S. Eliot sees something very important happening in the 17th century: the emergence of modern science. He realizes that something distinguishes this new science from previous iterations. Eliot maintains that before the 17th century, there was a unification of sensibility.

Eliot argues that the differentiation between the self and the world is something brought about by

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Key Concepts in Catalan Literature

1. We will call five trobaresc bone genera: Sirventes, cry, dawn Pastorela, discussing poetry.

a) Calls two Catalan troubadours: Guillem Bergueda Cevera and Girona.

2. Where is the art of transgression? A universal system that would become so infallible to unbelievers.

b) Explains why Lull attempts to convince the autoritas church to convert unbelievers. He appeared as the figure of Jesus crucified; this was repeated five times for this reason, attempting to convince of the superiority of Christianity

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