Spanish Literary Movements: Generations ’27 and ’98
The Generation of ’27: Features and Authors
Key Features of the Generation of ’27
- Tradition and Modernism: They sought new forms of poetry while maintaining admiration for tradition, including Góngora’s poetic language, the classics, and popular forms like the romance.
- Aesthetic Intention: They aimed to achieve beauty primarily through imagery, striving to eliminate any element from the poem deemed non-beautiful.
- Themes: They focused particularly on human affairs, including love, death, fate, folklore,
Textuality Standards and Discourse Analysis Fundamentals
De Beaugrande & Dressler’s Text Standards
De Beaugrande and Dressler’s standards for text analysis include:
- Intentionality, Acceptability, Informativity, Situationality, Intertextuality, Appropriateness, Effectiveness, and Efficiency.
- Related linguistic features: Modality, parallelism, partial repetition, the use of conjunctions, frequency adverbs, repetition, and pronouns.
Fries Framework for Text Analysis
- Contextual configuration
- Generic structure
- Cohesive harmony
- Social values
Seven Standards of Textuality
- Cohesion:
Medieval Era: History, Characteristics, and Literary Figures
The Middle Ages: Definition and Scope
The Middle Ages is a historical period beginning in 476 AD, marked by the fall of the Western Roman Empire, and concluding in 1492, the date of the discovery of America.
Key Areas of Study in the Medieval Era
- Medieval Society
- Cultural Periods (High and Late Middle Ages)
- Literary Expressions
- The Middle Ages in Spain
Cultural Periods and Social Structures
Within the cultural periods, we distinguish:
- High Middle Ages: Often associated with the rise of feudalism and courtly/
Academic Essay Writing: Structure and Linking Devices
Effective Connectors for Academic Essays
Use the following linking devices based on the type of essay you are writing. Note that many connectors are suitable for both Opinion and For and Against essays.
Connectors for Opinion Essays
Expressing Personal Opinion
- I certainly believe that…
- I am certain that…
- To my mind, there is no question that…
- I am convinced that…
- It has long been my feeling that…
- Without doubt.
- As far as I am concerned…
- I believe there is no evidence to support…
- I cannot agree
Renaissance Literary Forms: Miscellanies and Humanist Dialogue
Miscellaneous Humanistic Writings
Miscellaneous humanistic writings are collections that mix a variety of topics. These works, similar to books of notes but conceived as a unified book, have ancient roots in the work of Valerius Maximus, entitled Facta et Dicta Memorabilia. In this work, sections were collected into neat anecdotes and deeds of ancient Roman and some Greek characters.
Renaissance Models of Miscellany
In the Renaissance period, miscellanies can be found in several models:
- Collections
Francisco de Quevedo: Analysis of a Baroque Sonnet on Time
The Baroque Context and Quevedo’s Sonnet Structure
The seventeenth-century Baroque art and cultural movement broke away from the schemes of the Renaissance, creating a profound style characterized by exaggeration and disproportion. It was during this period that Francisco de Quevedo wrote this sonnet.
Formal Structure of the Work
The work is a sonnet, composed of two quartets and two tercets. Each verse contains 11 syllables (hendecasyllable), a meter often used to mimic natural speech patterns, making
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