Understanding Text Types and News Structure
Types of Texts
Exposition: Is the linguistic manifestation of content. Such exposure may follow a deductive approach (idea-analysis) or an inductive approach (analysis, idea).
Demonstration: Try using the statement of observable facts and a hypothesis. You can also develop these through deductive or intuitive approaches.
Argumentation: Used when the argument is to prove an idea.
Description: This is when parts of a very important whole are exposed. It is in spatial order.
Commentary Text
1. Type
- It is
Semantic Tests: Key Concepts and Definitions
Weak Determiners
Weak determiners denote a cardinal quantifier (Q).
Simple Future Representation
S_E,R is the representation of simple future.
Quantifier Restriction over Event Time
The restriction of a quantifier over an event time variable consists of a relation between the event time and reference time.
Relational Predicates
Which of the following grammatical categories denote relational predicates? Action verbs and prepositions.
Quantifier Restriction and Logical Modality
The restriction of a quantifier
Read MoreModernist Literature and Societal Shifts: 16th-20th Century
Unit 1: Literature in an Ever-Changing World
Theme: “Make it New” – Modernism and Challenges to Victorian Values
Introduction to the Modern Era: Beginning in the 16th century, this era was characterized by significant change and innovation. The phrase “Make it New,” coined by Ezra Pound, reflects a distinct break from Victorian traditions. Industrialization and mechanization prompted profound societal and literary shifts.
Crisis of Victorian Positivism: Post-1880s, there was a noticeable decline
Read MoreHistorical Linguistics: Language Change and Evolution
Topic 1: Historical Linguistics
1. What Historical Linguistics (HL) Is Not
HL is not concerned with the history of linguistics, though it has played an important role in the development of linguistics. Its main aim is not to unravel the ultimate origin of human language and how it may have evolved. Historical Linguistics’ theory and methods are, nevertheless, very relevant to corroborate theories of language evolution. Historical Linguistics is not about determining or preserving what are the correct
Read MoreUnderstanding Language: Functions, Disciplines, and Grammar
Functions of Language
- Denotative, Referential, or Representative: When the sender uses language to transmit information about things to the recipient.
- Emotive or Expressive Function: When the sender uses language with the intention to express feelings and desires.
- Conative or Appellative Function: When the sender’s intention is to draw the attention of the recipient or to get them to act.
- Phatic Function or Contact: The sender uses language to start or complete communication, to keep up and check if
Sentence Types, Text Structures, and Literary Devices
Sentence Types
According to the speaker’s intention, there are seven types of sentences:
- Declarative: Used to report facts or ideas. Example: He wanted to be an actor. Declarative sentences can be affirmative or negative.
- Interrogative: Used to ask something. Example: Do you know what time it is?
- Exclamatory: Used to express surprise, joy, wonder, sadness, etc. Example: How delicious this cake is!
- Hortatory: Used to give orders or to prohibit. Example: Come here right now.
- Optative: Used to make wishes.