Second Language Acquisition: Methods and Theories

Incidental Language Learning

Incidental Language Learning is used to describe the extent to which exposure to the target language (TL) outside the classroom may lead to its knowledge and acquisition. There are three types: self-directed learning, incidental learning, and socialization or tacit learning.

  • Formal learning: Regular language classes attended either voluntarily or as an academic requirement. Takes place in a formal (physical or virtual) context.
  • Non-formal learning: Use of professionally
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Understanding Discourse and Textuality in Communication

Discourse and Language in Context

Discourse is language in context, given in a social context, and involves interaction.

  • Channel (Spoken, Written)
  • Agent (Monologue, Dialogue, Multilogue)
  • Register (Formal, Informal)
  • Social Context
  • Purpose (Transactional, Interactional)
  • Context
    • Embedded, Reduced
    • Setting: Physical interaction
    • Behavioral Environment: Kinesics
    • Language: Co-text
    • Extrasituational
  • Genre (Instructive, Narrative, Descriptive, Persuasive, Informative, Expository)

Text forms are the representation of text

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