Analog and Digital Television Transmission Systems
Analog Television Process
- Capture
- Registration
- Production
- Transportation (Tx)
- Reception (Rx)
Digital Television Process
- Recording
- Production
- Transportation (Tx)
- Reception (Rx)
Digital Transmission Mediums
- Satellite
- Cable
- Web
- Terrestrial Transmission
Advantages of Digital Transmission
- Efficient Bandwidth Administration
- Increased Noise Immunity (Tx)
- Component Video Transmission
- Increased Horizontal Resolution (Double Resolution)
- Progressive Scan Capability
- Increased Vertical Color Resolution
- HDTV Possibility
- Data and Other
Electric Motor Fundamentals
Electric Motors
Motor Classification by Current Type
Electric motors are categorized based on the type of current they use:
- DC motors
- AC motors
- Universal motors (compatible with both AC and DC)
DC Motor Classification by Excitation
DC motors are further classified by their excitation method:
- Independent excitation
- Series excitation
- Shunt excitation
- Compound excitation
- Permanent magnet excitation
AC Motor Classification
AC motors are classified based on several factors:
- Speed: Synchronous or asynchronous
- Rotor type:
Computer Networks: A Deep Dive
1. Company Network Needs
- Marketing: Negative impact.
- Banking: Control finances remotely. Positive impact.
- Competition Monitoring: Positive impact.
- Framework Expansion: Positive impact.
- Communication: Sending and receiving requests. Positive impact.
- Social Interaction: Reduced face-to-face contact. Negative impact.
- Productivity and Costs: Increased productivity and cost savings. Positive impact.
- Network Printing: Shared printing resources. Positive impact.
- Network Setup: Requires a well-maintained network.
Precision Measurement Techniques and Instruments
Interferometry
Interferometry is a measurement technique using light wave interference to measure minute differences in length, displacement, or surface irregularities. It relies on the wave nature of light to produce interference patterns, allowing for extremely precise measurements.
Laser Interferometer
Principle: Laser interferometers use coherent laser light to create an interference pattern, detecting displacement or distance changes with high accuracy.
Working:
- A laser beam is split into two using
Telecommunications and Control Systems Essentials
Telecommunications
Basic Concepts
1. What elements are always present in communication?
The sender, the message, the receiver, the channel, and the transmission medium.
2. What is a wave?
A wave is a physical phenomenon spreading through space, transporting energy but not matter.
3. What types of waves exist?
Mechanical and electromagnetic waves.
4. What types of waves are used in modern telecommunications?
Electromagnetic waves.
5. What is a periodic wave?
A local disturbance with repeated cycles, such as
Mathematics Formulas and Concepts
Mathematics Formulas & Concepts
Geometric Formulas
- Area of a polygon: A = Fn / 2 (where F is the number of sides and n is the length of each side)
- Volume of a pyramid: V = Abase * h / 3 (where Abase is the area of the base and h is the height)
- Area of a circle: A = 4πR2
- Volume of a sphere: V = 4πR3 / 3
Apothem
- Triangle: m = √3 / 6
- Square: m = a / 2
- Hexagon: a3 = m / 2
Regular Tetrahedra
- Height: h = a√6 / 3
- Area: AT = a2√3 / 2
- Distance between two points (DAB): √((XA-XB)² + (YA-YB)2)
Lines and Angles
- Area