Commerce and Transportation: A Deep Dive
Trade and Transport
1. Commercial Activity: Internal Trade
Trade: The exchange (buying, selling, and renting) of goods and services for money.
1.1. Internal Trade
The importance of commercial activity can be viewed from two perspectives: social and economic development.
There are two types of trade:
- Wholesale: The acquisition of large quantities of goods by large companies.
- Retail: The sale of smaller quantities of products directly to consumers by retailers.
1.2. Current Trends
Commercial activity is constantly
Read MoreUnderstanding Key Market Concepts: Demand, Supply, and More
Understanding Key Market Concepts
Market: A set of trading activities of a product based on supply and demand.
Demand: The quantity of goods consumers are willing to buy at a specific price, considering the prices of related goods, disposable income, and tastes or preferences.
Demand Curve: The graphical representation of the demand function, illustrating the different quantities of a good that buyers are willing to purchase at each price.
Supply Curve: The graphical representation of the supply function,
Read MoreUS Economy: Roaring Twenties, Crash, and New Deal Recovery
The Roaring Twenties in the United States
The twenty years leading up to the 1920s in the United States underwent an impulse for new industries and the development of new energy sources:
- New Industries: Automobile, electrical manufacturing, domestic electronics, chemistry, and aeronautics.
- New Energy Sources: Electricity and oil.
The automobile industry was the symbol of the new times. Mass production also emerged. The development of electric motors and internal combustion facilitated the mechanization
Read MoreManagerial Economics: Principles, Applications, and Analysis
Managerial Economics as a Supportive System for Business Decision-Making
Definition: Managerial Economics is the application of economic theories, principles, and methodologies to solve practical problems in business decision-making. It provides a framework for analyzing business situations and making rational decisions to achieve organizational objectives.
Role of Managerial Economics in Business Decision-Making:
Demand Analysis and Forecasting:
Helps businesses predict future demand for their products
Read MoreUnderstanding Market Structures: Competition Types Explained
Market Competition Fundamentals
Competition is a rivalry between several companies aiming to sell the same kind of goods or services to customers in a specific market.
Perfect Competition Explained
Perfect competition describes a market type where:
- There are many small firms.
- Firms produce a single, undifferentiated product.
- No single producer can influence the market price (firms are price takers).
The long-term equilibrium in a perfectly competitive market occurs at a price where producers cover all
Read MoreKey Retailing and Wholesaling Definitions
Core Retailing Concepts
Retailing: All the activities involved in selling goods or services directly to final consumers for their personal, nonbusiness use.
Retailer: A business whose sales come primarily from retailing.
Retailer Classifications
According to Services Provided
- Specialty stores: Offer a narrow product line with a deep assortment.
- Department stores: Carry a wide variety of product lines.
- Convenience stores: Stock a limited line of high-turnover goods.
- Superstores: Provide a large assortment