Economic Imbalances & Crisis After World War I
Economic Problems After The First World War
The Rise of Fascism and the Second World War
The First World War, ending in 1918 (not 1829), had profound economic consequences, including the rise of fascism, which contributed to the Second World War. The war also led to the rise of neo-capitalism and influenced the Russian Revolution.
Inflation and the Crisis of 1929
Inflation is the sustained increase in prices over wage increases, resulting in a loss of purchasing power.
The Crisis of 1929 was influenced
Read MoreSubstitution & Income Effects, and the Role of the Bank of Spain
Substitution Effect
When the price of good X decreases, the budget line shifts, reflecting a change in relative prices. This increases the consumer’s real income. To isolate the substitution effect, we consider two assumptions:
- Focus on the change in relative prices.
- Neutralize the real income increase from the price drop of good X.
Any line parallel to line CB reflects the change in relative prices, as the slope of the budget line depends solely on them. Line LM meets this condition. Any line passing
Read MoreMacroeconomics: Equilibrium, Inflation, and Unemployment
Exogenous and Endogenous Variables
Exogenous variables are those that feed the macroeconomic model, while endogenous variables are those that the model solves for. Adjustment variables help fine-tune the model.
National Accounts
National accounts are a system of records used to calculate aggregate figures, which are the primary focus of macroeconomics.
Classical Model of Equilibrium with Full Employment
This model assumes the labor market is always at full employment. Any unemployment is considered frictional
Read MoreProduct Life Cycle, Distribution, and Economic Structure of a Company
CMO Variable Product MK-Mix
Product
A product or service is successful when consumer purchases meet their needs. Therefore, the product policy acquires vital significance. The basic utility of a product provides formal and tangible value, as well as added value.
Product ID
Brand recognition identifies and allows the product to be distinguished by a word, name, or symbol. A company may have several brands: individual, family, national, or distributor.
Qualities of a Brand:
- Easy to remember, identify, and
Intangible Assets, Cash, and Inventory
Item 7: Intangible Assets, Cash, and Financial Instruments
Intangible Assets
Registration
- Development expenditure included in the relevant register increases property values.
- Development costs are assumed to have a useful life of 5 years.
- Industrial property can have an indefinite useful life.
- Goodwill recognition requires payment during a business combination.
- Recognized goodwill impairments are irreversible.
- Goodwill should be allocated to cash-generating units upon recognition.
- A defined capitalization
Field Marketing Strategies and Demand Forecasting
Field Marketing
Marketers
Are the people or organizations who want to trade.
Market
Any individual or group of persons with whom an individual or group of individuals may have an exchange relationship. The essence of marketing is a transaction or trade.
Conditions for a Marketing Exchange
- Two or more social units must have needs to satisfy.
- The parties must participate voluntarily.
- The parties must contribute something of value in exchange and be convinced that it will benefit.
- The parties must have opportunities