Complete Guide to Market Research: Understanding Consumers, Products & More
Complete Guide to Market Research
Product Research
Product research studies goods and services sold to consumers. This includes consumer and industrial products, and services.
- It studies individual product details.
- It examines product creation and marketing, including color, size, shape, quality, packaging, branding, and pricing.
- It also covers product modification, innovation, and lifecycle.
Products are modified to meet consumer needs and wants.
Examples
- Concept development and testing studies
- Brand name
Exploitation Cycle and Working Capital Management
Exploitation Cycle: All companies need monetary resources to acquire productive factors for their operations. Until products are sold, expenses (salaries, maintenance, advertising, etc.) must be covered. The exploitation cycle is the time from asset acquisition to cost recovery through depreciation. A shorter cycle, from raw material acquisition to product sale, is also considered. This is called the exploitation cycle, and its average duration is the average maturity period (PMME), usually calculated
Read MoreTarget Market Selection and Positioning for Competitive Advantage
Market Segmentation, Target Markets, and Positioning for Competitive Advantage
Markets
Organizations selling to consumer markets understand they cannot satisfy all buyers uniformly. Buyers have diverse needs and buying habits.
Stages of Marketing
- Mass Marketing: The seller mass produces, distributes, and promotes one product for all buyers, aiming to minimize costs and maximize market reach.
- Differentiated Product Marketing: The seller offers various products with different features, styles, quality,
Cost and Profit Centers: Classification and Costing Methods
Cost and Profit Centers
Definitions
A profit centre is a business segment responsible for both revenue and expenses, disclosing the profit of a particular activity. Profit centres are created to delegate responsibility to individuals and measure their performance.
A cost centre is the smallest unit of activity or area of responsibility for which costs are collected. Cost centres are created for accounting convenience and cost control.
Key Differences
- Responsibility: Profit centres are responsible for
National Budget Law: A Comprehensive Overview
Purpose and Scope
Purpose of the Law
This law establishes the principles governing the national budget as outlined in Article 11 of Law No. 28,112 (Framework Law on Public Sector Financial Management), in accordance with Articles 77 and 78 of the Constitution.
Scope
This law applies to the following entities:
- General government entities (national, regional, and local levels)
- National Government:
- Executive, legislative, and judicial bodies
- Decentralized government agencies
- Public universities
- Autonomous constitutional
- National Government:
Waste Management & Business Strategies for Sustainability
Waste Management and Sustainable Business
Recycling and Waste Treatment
Waste management is a crucial environmental tool. Effective waste management involves these objectives:
- Minimizing waste generation
- Recycling reusable materials
- Promoting reuse of waste products
Achieving these goals requires shifts in consumer behavior, responsible corporate practices, and direct intervention from public administration.
Business and the Environment
Businesses related to the environment include those focused on:
- Renewable