Strategic Management: Competitive Advantage and Industry Analysis

Competitive Advantage

Competitive Advantage: Superior performance* relative to other competitors in the same industry or the industry average.

Sustainable Competitive Advantage: Outperforming* competitors or the industry average over a prolonged period.

Competitive Disadvantage: Underperformance* relative to other competitors in the same industry or the industry average.

Competitive Parity: Performance* of two or more firms at the same level.

Competitive advantage is always relative, not absolute.

To

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Demand Elasticity and Law of Demand in Microeconomics

Elasticity of Demand and the Law of Demand

Elasticity of demand is a measure of how responsive the quantity demanded of a good or service is to changes in its price or other influential factors. It’s a fundamental concept in microeconomics that helps businesses, policymakers, and economists understand consumer behavior and make informed decisions.

Types of Elasticity of Demand

  • Price Elasticity of Demand: Measures how responsive the quantity demanded is to changes in the price of the good or service.
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Oil Price Impact on Inflation and Global Finance Since 1973

The Rise in Oil Prices and Inflation Trends

The new monetary system is characterized by high volatility but also by great flexibility in the two main adjustment mechanisms: the exchange rates of major Western currencies and movements in the balance of payments. This feature facilitated the absorption of the imbalance that occurred in international payments after the first oil shock of 1973. The rising oil prices resulted in a decrease for Western economies of some 150 billion dollars between 1973

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Marketing Mix: Product, Price, Distribution, Promotion

What is the Marketing Mix?

The marketing mix is the most appropriate combination of four marketing tools controllable by the company and known as the 4Ps in English:

  • Product (attributes, positioning, brand, and packaging)
  • Price (price list, pricing strategies)
  • Distribution (intermediaries, distribution channels, logistics)
  • Promotion (advertising, sales promotions, public relations, direct marketing)

The Product

The product is divided into two categories:

  • General products: The consumer (end to his own use)
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Key Business Functions: Marketing, Finance, and Operations

Functional Areas in a Company

Marketing

Finance

Production or Operations

Human Resources

Marketing

Marketing activity includes the planning, organization, direction, and control of decisions about product lines, pricing, promotion, and servicing.

Stages of Product Development

  • Product or service essential for the benefit of the product itself, to solve problems that consumers buy in fact to purchase, such as shelter.
  • The real product is formed by all parts of the product, such as style, quality, packaging,
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Understanding Bank Liabilities and Financial Operations

Bank Liabilities and Their Importance

Operations and liabilities of a bank, or passive uptake, are of great importance to every bank. These are the activities a bank uses to collect money, mainly from the general public. For a bank to develop, it needs to acquire deposits. Without these, it is impossible to create a sufficient reserve to help place these funds in loans and investments that generate dividends, and to enable it to meet withdrawal demands requested by customers.

Current Accounts

A bank

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