Porter’s Five Forces: Analyzing Industry Structure for Competitive Advantage

Analysis of Industry Structure Using Porter’s Five Forces

Initial Considerations

Michael Porter (1986) defined an industry as a group of companies manufacturing products that are very close substitutes for each other. Further analysis of the industrial structure is the cornerstone of his model.
The analysis of industrial structure is the fundamental basis of the model proposed by Porter (1986), since, according to the author, an industrial structure has a strong influence in determining the competitive
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Public Finance: Understanding Taxes, Budget, and Revenue

Item 1: Public Finance – Concept, Subject, and Field

  1. What are the criteria by which social actors of a system can take their economic decisions?

    In contemporary societies, the criteria under which the various agents make their decisions are two: the market and the authority, which can differentiate between the private economy and public economics.

  2. According to economic decisions, what are the criteria taken by social agents of a system governed by the market?

    As part of the private economy, it is a

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Indian Financial System: RBI, Banking Structure, and SBI

The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) is the central bank of India, responsible for managing the country’s monetary and financial system. Its main functions include:

  1. Monetary Policy: The RBI formulates and implements monetary policy to regulate inflation and stabilize the economy. This includes managing interest rates and controlling the money supply.

  2. Currency Issuance: It has the sole authority to issue and manage the supply of Indian currency (rupees) and ensures their integrity, including controlling

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Economic Principles: Demand, Supply, and Market Dynamics

Understanding Demand in Economics

Demand is an economic principle that describes a consumer’s desire, willingness, and ability to pay for a specific good or service. An increase in demand means an increase in quantity demanded at every given price and an increase in consumer willingness to pay at each given quantity. A decrease in demand means a decrease in quantity demanded at every given price and a decrease in consumer willingness to pay at each given quantity.

Factors Affecting Demand

  • Change in
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Sales and Marketing: Strategies for Business Success

Sales and Marketing Functions

Sales and marketing functions include all activities necessary to bring consumers the goods or services produced by the company, thus satisfying their needs and trying to achieve the best results. A product is sold if there is a good marketing policy that publicizes and makes it desirable.

Duties of the sales and marketing department:

  • Planning and control
  • Market research
  • Product promotion and advertising
  • Sales

The Market

The market is defined as a set of purchasing and sales

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Capital Budgeting and Financial Decisions: Key Concepts

Capital Budgeting and Financial Decisions: Key Concepts

Operating vs. Capital Expenses

Operating expenses are short-term expenses where the benefits are enjoyed in the same period as the expenses are incurred. Capital expenses involve obtaining major productive assets: a company will pay a substantial amount today to obtain equipment, technology, or other resources and will use this asset as part of the production process over several years.

Capital Budgeting Process

The Capital Budgeting Process is

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