Early Childhood Development: Physical, Cognitive, and Social-Emotional Growth
HDF 211 Study Guide Chapter 3
Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MorePhysical, Cognitive, and Emotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
HDF 211 Study Guide: Chapter 3
Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MorePhysical and Cognitive Development in Infancy and Early Childhood
HDF 211 Study Guide: Chapter 3 – Physical Growth and Development in Infancy
Patterns of Growth
What is the cephalocaudal pattern?
The sequence in which the earliest growth always occurs at the top – the head – with physical growth and differentiation of features gradually working their way down from top to bottom.
What is the proximodistal pattern?
Sequence in which growth starts at the center of the body and moves towards the extremities.
The Brain
What is Shaken Baby Syndrome?
Brain swelling and hemorrhaging
Read MoreTextile Fibers: Properties, Finishes, and Classifications
Textile Fiber Finishes and Quality
Cotton Finishes
Mercerization
This treatment uses sodium hydroxide to enhance cotton’s absorbency, luster, and strength.
Cotton Quality
- High Quality: Combed (short fibers removed)
- Lower Quality: Not combed
Linen Finishes
Beetling
This process involves flattening yarns to create a smoother, tighter fabric with enhanced sheen.
Linen Quality
- High Quality: “Line” – Long, combed fibers
- Low Quality: “Tow” – Short flax fibers. Tow fibers require carding before dry spinning into yarns
Textile Fibers: Properties, Finishes, and Classifications
Cotton Finish
Mercerization
– Sodium hydroxide is used to increase cotton’s absorbency, luster, and strength.
Quality of COTTON
- High quality: Combed (removed short fibers)
- Lower quality: Not combed
Linen Finish
Beetling
Yarns are flattened (pounded) to create a fabric that looks more regular and tighter. Also increases sheen.
Linen Quality
- High Quality: “Line” – Long, combed
- Low Quality: “Tow” – Short flax fibers. Line fibers are ready for wet spinning into yarn. Tow fibers must be carded before dry spinning
An Introduction to Ferrous and Non-Ferrous Alloys, Ceramics, and Polymers
Chapter 11: Ferrous Alloys
Iron-Based Principle Constituent
Includes cast irons & steels.
Advantages
- Cost-effective
- Diverse properties achievable by adding vacancy impurities.
Low Carbon Steels
Less than 0.25 wt% carbon. Strengthening is accomplished by cold work. Microstructure consists of ferrite & pearlite (alpha & Fe3C). Relatively soft & weak but ductile & tough. Machinable, weldable, least expensive to produce.
HSLA – High Strength Low Alloy
Contains other elements such as Cu, Vanadium,
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