Essential Web Development & IT Concepts Explained
Popular Scripting Languages
When referring to script languages, here are some popular ones:
- Python: Known for its simplicity and versatility, Python is widely used in web development, data analysis, artificial intelligence, and more.
- JavaScript: Primarily used for client-side scripting in web development, JavaScript is also popular for server-side development with frameworks like Node.js.
- Ruby: A dynamic language known for its simplicity and ease of use, Ruby is often used in web development with the
PC Hardware Components and Functionality
Understanding PC Hardware
Know what the BIOS does. The BIOS (Basic Input/Output System) is a ROM chip on the motherboard. It contains the software that tells the processor how to interact with the computer’s hardware. The BIOS chip instructs the motherboard on how to start up, check its components, and pass control to the operating system.
Memory Types
- DRAM: Dynamic Random Access Memory.
- SRAM: Static Random Access Memory.
- ROM: Read-Only Memory, typically used to store the computer’s BIOS.
- CMOS: A special
Core Web Development Technologies Explained
Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) Fundamentals
CSS is used to style and layout web pages, controlling the appearance of HTML elements. It allows developers to create visually appealing designs and ensure a consistent look across a website.
Types of CSS Implementation
CSS can be implemented in three different ways:
- Inline CSS
- Internal or Embedded CSS
- External CSS
1. Inline CSS
Inline CSS involves applying styles directly to individual HTML elements using the style attribute. This method allows for specific styling
Core Database Concepts Explained
Data vs. Information
Data is raw facts, like numbers, words, or pictures. It is not organized or processed. Example: A list of student names, ages, and grades.
Information is data that has been processed to be useful and meaningful. Example: If we calculate the average grade of a class, that is information.
Difference
- Data is raw, while information is processed and meaningful.
- Data alone may not be useful, but information helps us understand and make decisions.
Database vs. Traditional File System
Database:
Read MoreInternet, Cybersecurity, and Network Fundamentals
Understanding Core IT Concepts
The Internet is a global network of interconnected computers and devices that communicate with each other using standardized communication protocols (like TCP/IP). It allows users to access and share information, communicate, stream media, do business, and much more from anywhere in the world.
Types of Internet Connections
Here are the main types of internet connections, each differing in speed, cost, and method of access:
Dial-Up Connection
- Medium: Telephone line
- Speed:
Computer I/O Interface: Functions, Mapping, and Data Transfer
Functions and Need of I/O Interfaces
Functions of I/O Interfaces
- Synchronizes the speed difference between the CPU and I/O devices.
- Selects and addresses the appropriate I/O device for communication.
- Provides control and timing signals for data transfer.
- Buffers data during transfer, managing data flow between the CPU and devices.
- Converts data formats (e.g., serial to parallel, digital to analog, and vice versa).
- Detects and reports errors during data transfer.
- Handles interrupts to inform the CPU when