Algorithms and Programming: Essential Concepts
Algorithms: Definition and Characteristics
An algorithm is a finite and orderly sequence of unambiguous instructions that solves a given problem.
Characteristics of Algorithms
- Each step should be perfectly defined.
- Each step must be executed in a finite time.
- There must be a set of initial data.
- There must be a set of output data.
Loop or Cycle
A set of instructions that are repeated a finite number of times is associated with a portion of the instructions. A condition determines when the loop terminates.
Read MoreMedia Production Terms: From Audio to Digital Art
Radio, Podcasting, and Broadcasting
Commissioning Brief: A document or presentation that sets out the commissioner’s vision and requirements for the program that is open to proposals from suppliers.
Bids: Cost-based proposals, typically based on detailed requirements from the broadcaster.
Cues: Words said by a DJ or presenter to introduce and link segments or music.
Dry Version: A pre-recorded item that includes only the spoken word, that is, no music or sound effects.
Breaking News: Events that are
Read MoreComputer Peripherals: Hard Drives, CD-ROMs, Monitors, Keyboards
Hard Drives
Hard drives are the primary storage units of a computer, where a large amount of data and programs are stored.
Parts of a Hard Drive
Physical Parts
- Disk: The main part of a hard disk.
- Heads: The magnetic part that reads/writes information on the HDD.
- Spindle: The part of the hard drive that acts as a support. Disks are mounted on it and spin.
- Actuator: The mechanism that moves the read/write heads.
Logical Parts
- Tracks: Invisible concentric rings along which magnetic impulses are recorded.
- Sector:
Java Inheritance and Polymorphism: Concepts and Examples
Java Inheritance and Polymorphism
Multilevel Inheritance
Multilevel inheritance in Java occurs when a class is derived from a class that is also derived from another class, creating a chain of inheritance.
Example:
class Animal {
public void eat() {
System.out.println("Animal is eating");
}
}
class Dog extends Animal {
public void bark() {
System.out.println("Dog is barking");
}
}
class GoldenRetriever extends Dog {
public void fetch() {
System.out.println(Essential Concepts in Computer Hardware and Software
Computer Hardware and Software Fundamentals
1. Computer Hardware
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements that constitutes a computer system. Computer hardware refers to the physical parts or components of a computer such as the monitor, mouse, keyboard, etc., all of which are physical objects that can be touched. In contrast, software is instructions that can be stored and run by hardware. That is any set of machine-readable instructions that directs a computer’s processor to perform
Read MoreUnderstanding the OSI Model and Network Communication
Item 4: The Importance of Networking
First Isolated Equipment
Initially, isolated equipment led to several challenges:
- Duplication of devices, equipment, and resources.
- Inability to communicate effectively.
- Lack of control and network management.
The Need for Standards
In the 1970s, there was no unification of protocols. For a company to expand its network, it could only go to the original manufacturer. This created conflicts between business network systems from different manufacturers.