Cybersecurity Concepts: Models, Attacks, and Defenses

OSI Security Architecture Explained

The OSI security architecture, based on the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model, provides a structured framework for secure communication in networks. It defines security services, mechanisms, and threats across different OSI layers.

Key Components

  1. Security Services (ISO 7498-2) – Ensure secure communication:

    • Authentication: Verifies identity.
    • Access Control: Restricts unauthorized access.
    • Data Confidentiality: Prevents unauthorized disclosure.
    • Data Integrity:
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React Components and MongoDB Fundamentals

What is a React Component?

A React Component is a reusable, independent piece of UI that divides the user interface into smaller, manageable parts. Each component can have its own logic, structure, and styling. Components help make applications modular and easier to maintain.

There are two main types of components in React:

Functional Components

  • A JavaScript function that returns JSX (HTML-like syntax) to define the UI.
  • Introduced as “stateless components” initially, but with React Hooks like useState
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UBC Coursework: Computer Science & Math Focus

Completed Courses at UBC

A summary of courses taken at the University of British Columbia.

Computer Science Courses

  • CPSC 302: Numerical Computation for Algebraic Problems

    Numerical techniques for basic mathematical processes involving no discretization, and their analysis. Solution of linear systems, including analysis of round-off errors; norms and condition number; introduction to iterative techniques in linear algebra, including eigenvalue problems; solution to nonlinear equations.

  • CPSC 221: Basic

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Understanding Software Systems and Programming Concepts

What Are Software Systems?

Software systems consist of software used to manipulate and interact with the system, providing control over the hardware and supporting other programs.

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Core Computer Components

  • Memory: Consisted of 4096 words, each 40 bits. Every word could contain two instructions of 20 bits each or a whole number of 39 bits and its sign.
  • Control Unit: Determines the next instruction to execute and passes it to the ALU.
  • Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU): Responsible for performing arithmetic and
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Digital Audio and Video Fundamentals: Formats and Concepts

Digital Sound Characteristics

Sampling rate: This is the number of samples per second taken from an analog sound to convert it into digital format.

Channels: This refers to the number of tracks that make up a sound (e.g., mono, stereo).

Sample size: This indicates the amount of information, in bits, that each sample occupies. A standard CD quality audio uses 16 bits.

Frequency: This is a wave magnitude that indicates the number of complete vibrations occurring per second.

Common Audio Formats

  • WAV: A digital
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AI, ML, DataFrames, Regex, and Search Algorithms

Artificial Intelligence vs. Machine Learning

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a broad field that focuses on creating systems capable of simulating human intelligence, such as reasoning, problem-solving, and decision-making. Machine Learning (ML), on the other hand, is a subset of AI that enables machines to learn from data without being explicitly programmed. AI can involve rule-based systems, whereas ML focuses on developing algorithms that improve performance as they process more data. AI aims to

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