Introduction to Information Systems: Concepts, Components, and Technologies
Read More– Meaning of System is a set of things neatly interrelated contributing to a given objective.
Elements of a system:
– System components.
The relations between them that determine the structure of the system.
“The purpose of the system.
“The system environment: that which surrounds it, within which it is located.
“The system boundaries: the boundary between what the system is and what constitutes the environment.
For the data transformed into information is needed with the data operations that add value
Introduction to Information Systems
Read MoreMeaning of System: A set of things neatly interrelated, contributing to a given objective.
Elements of a System:
- System components.
- The relations between them that determine the structure of the system.
- The purpose of the system.
- The system environment: that which surrounds it, within which it is located.
- The system boundaries: the boundary between what the system is and what constitutes the environment.
For data to be transformed into information, data operations are needed that add value to the user.
Introduction to Information Systems: Concepts, Components, and Technologies
Read More– Meaning of System is a set of things neatly interrelated contributing to a given objective.
Elements of a system:
– System components.
The relations between them that determine the structure of the system.
“The purpose of the system.
“The system environment: that which surrounds it, within which it is located.
“The system boundaries: the boundary between what the system is and what constitutes the environment.
For the data transformed into information is needed with the data operations that add value
Introduction to Information Systems: Concepts, Components, and Technologies
Read More– Meaning of System is a set of things neatly interrelated contributing to a given objective.
Elements of a system:
– System components.
The relations between them that determine the structure of the system.
“The purpose of the system.
“The system environment: that which surrounds it, within which it is located.
“The system boundaries: the boundary between what the system is and what constitutes the environment.
For the data transformed into information is needed with the data operations
Network Topologies, Classifications, and Signal Concepts
Network Topologies
Star Topology
- All devices are connected to a central hub or router.
- The central node is typically a hub or switch.
- Allows for quick communication between nodes.
- If the central node fails, the entire network is disconnected.
Extended Star Topology
- Used when more connections are needed than a single star topology can provide.
- Similar to the star topology, but each node connected to the central node can also act as the center of another star.
- Shorter cabling and limits the number of devices
Network Fundamentals and Security
Chapter 4: Network Layer
Data Plane vs. Control Plane
Data Plane (Forwarding Plane): Processes and forwards data packets within a local network based on packet headers.
Control Plane: Operates network-wide, determining how datagrams are routed between routers along the path from source to destination.
Forwarding vs. Routing
Forwarding: A hardware-based network-layer function that moves packets from a router’s input link to its output link.
Routing: A software-based network-layer function that determines
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