C Programs: Area, Circumference, Interest, Swapping

Posted by admin on Mar 21, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

#include <stdio.h>

void main() {
  float radius, area, cf;

  printf("Enter Radius of Circle\n");
  scanf("%f", &radius);

  // Value of pi is 3.14
  area = 3.14 * radius * radius;
  printf("The area of Circle is %f", area);

  cf = 2 * 3.14 * radius;
  printf("\nThe Circumference of Circle is %f", cf);
}

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
  float base, height, area;

  printf(

Understanding Communication Systems: Definitions, History, and Models

Posted by admin on Mar 11, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

Understanding Communication Systems

1. Definition of a System

A combination of interacting elements organized to achieve one or more stated purposes.

2. What is System Engineering?

Systems engineering is an iterative process of top-down synthesis, development, and operation of a real-world system that satisfies, in a near-optimal manner, the full range of requirements for the system.

1. Chronology of Communication Systems

The Visual Era: Smoke signals → Pigeon Post → Printing Press (1450)

The Wired Era:

Satellite TV and Community Facilities: Signals and Equipment

Posted by admin on Mar 6, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

Community Facilities

Processors are devices that change the original frequency of emissions. They are used to mix signals from different satellites positioned at certain satellite transponders, filling empty voids present in the emissions of another satellite. This is achieved with a single line of descent.

Equipment for Distribution in F1

F1 Amplifiers: A broadband amplifier that covers the entire F1 band of 950MHz to 2150MHz satellite. It is necessary when you want to give users a transparent band

Mastering Active Listening: Key Elements & Skills

Posted by admin on Mar 2, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

Active Listening

Introduction

While listening is an integral part of effective communication, few students are taught how to listen effectively. Many students believe that hearing what is said is the same as listening to what is said. In reality, they are distinctly different.

Hearing is a physical yet passive act involving the process and function of perceiving sound. Listening is hearing the sounds with deliberate intention. Therefore, unlike hearing, listening is a skill that improves through conscious

Transmission Media: Types, Interference, and Channel Capacity

Posted by admin on Mar 1, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

In a data transmission system, the transmission medium is the physical path through which the sender and receiver communicate. We distinguish two types of media: guided and unguided. In both cases, transmission takes place through electromagnetic waves. Guided media direct the waves along a physical path; examples of these media are coaxial cable, fiber optic, and twisted pair. Unguided media transmit waves but do not direct them; examples include air and vacuum.

The nature of the medium, along with

Shared Memory and Message Queues in C

Posted by admin on Feb 28, 2025 in Communication | 0 comments

This code demonstrates inter-process communication (IPC) using shared memory and message queues in C. It also handles signals and finds perfect numbers.

Code Snippet:

st_shmem *shmem;                         <br>
st_msg msg;
<br><br>
int shmem_id;
<br>
int msg_id;
<br><br>
<!-- Handler for signal actions -->
<h3>Signal Handler</h3>
void handler(int signo) {
<br>
    printf("\nTerminated compute PID = (%d)\n", getpid(