Chemical Bonding and Solutions: A Comprehensive Guide
Chemical Bonding
Ionic Bonding
Chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions
Covalent Bonding
Results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms
Types of Covalent Bonds
- Nonpolar Covalent Bond: A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting in a balanced distribution of electrical charge.
- Polar Covalent Bond: Covalent bond in which the bonded atoms have an unequal attraction for the shared electrons
Key
Read MoreChemical Bonding and Reactions: A Comprehensive Guide
Chemical Bond: mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together.
Ionic Bonding: Chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions.
Covalent Bonding: Results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms.
Electronegativity: a measure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons.
- Nonpolar covalent bond: a covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally by the bonded atoms, resulting
Borosilicate Glass: Properties and Diverse Applications
Borosilicate Glass: Properties and Applications
Laboratory Equipment
Virtually all modern laboratory glassware is made from borosilicate glass due to its exceptional chemical and thermal resistance, as well as its good optical clarity. While borosilicate glass can react with sodium hydride to produce sodium borohydride, a common laboratory reducing agent, its overall inertness makes it ideal for a wide range of laboratory applications. Fused quartz, with its higher melting point and UV transmission,
Read MoreIntroduction to Chemical Bonding and Solutions
Chemical Bonding
Definitions
Chemical Bond: Mutual electrical attraction between the nuclei and valence electrons of different atoms that binds the atoms together.
Ionic Bonding: Chemical bonding that results from the electrical attraction between cations and anions.
Covalent Bonding: Results from the sharing of electron pairs between two atoms.
Electronegativity: A measure of an atom’s ability to attract electrons.
Nonpolar Covalent Bond: A covalent bond in which the bonding electrons are shared equally
Read MoreBorosilicate Glass: Properties and Diverse Applications
Borosilicate Glass
Properties and Applications
Virtually all modern laboratory glassware is borosilicate glass. It is so widely used in this application due to its chemical and thermal resistance and good optical clarity. However, the glass can be reacted with sodium hydride to produce sodium borohydride, a common laboratory reducing agent. Fused quartz is also found in some laboratory equipment when its higher melting point and transmission of UV are required (e.g., for tube furnace liners and UV
Read MoreNomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes: A Comprehensive Guide
Nomenclature and Conformations of Alkanes and Cycloalkanes
Chapter 4 Terms
IUPAC System (Sec 4.3)
A system for naming compounds through naming rules, with the fundamental principle that each different compound should have an unambiguous name; originally developed in 1892 by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry.
Alkyl Halide (Sec 2.5, 4.3E, 6.1)
Compound in which a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) replaces a hydrogen atom of an alkane, with the general formula RX. Also called haloalkane.