Competitive Strategies: Offensive, Defensive, and Quick Response
Defensive Strategies
Reducing the risk of an attack by a competitor to the company. It increases the competitive advantage, strengthens, and preserves it.
Ways to Protect Competitive Advantage:
- Impede the actions of attackers by:
- Expanding product line and occupation of gaps.
- Signing exclusive agreements with suppliers or reduced price distributors.
- Maintaining similar products to the competition, etc.
- Counteroffensives against competitor launches an attack: In order to deter competitors from carrying
Understanding Vertical Integration and Internationalization
Vertical Integration
Vertical Integration is when a company gets involved in more parts of the production process. It either becomes its own supplier or its own distributor/customer.
Types of Vertical Integration:
- Backward (upstream) integration: This happens when a company starts making its own supplies or raw materials. For example, if a car manufacturer starts producing its own car parts.
- Forward (downstream) integration: This happens when a company starts controlling the distribution or selling
International Business: Causes, Stages, and HR Management
Causes of Internationalization
- Increased sales: Access to a larger number of customers and increased purchasing power.
- Acquisition of resources: Obtaining products, services, capital, and technology.
- Diversification of sales and supplies: Prevents and reduces fluctuations and changes in price.
- Minimizing competitive risk: Reduces the competitive advantage of competitors.
Why are International Businesses Proliferating?
- Rapid growth and expansion of technology (fax, internet, e-mail, transport, international
Understanding the Welfare State: Origins, Objectives, and Evolution
Understanding the Welfare State
The welfare state, succeeding the Liberal State, focuses on social policy, extending social welfare to the middle classes and other areas. This transformation of social policy was influenced by several factors:
- Universal Suffrage: The expansion of democracy across Europe.
- The Great Depression (1929): Highlighted the weaknesses of the capitalist model in ensuring adequate resource distribution and economic growth.
- Industrialization: The creation of consumer goods with
Understanding Different Types of Quality Teams
Read MoreTeamwork
There is a set of criteria for characterizing the various teams that are implanted into organizations that have adopted quality systems. These criteria are:
- The origin of the team members
- The collective goal or purpose for establishing the team
- The type of participation
- The team’s decision-making capacity
- The links between the team and organizational structure
The latter criterion is to assess the extent to which the team affects the organizational structure; i.e. if it modifies it and therefore
Understanding Financial Imbalance & Project Management
Ways to Calculate the Financial Margin (FM)
The financial margin can be calculated using the following formulas:
- AC – PC
- (PN + PnoC) – ANOC (long term)
Suspension of Payments
Suspension of payments refers to a temporary financial imbalance in the OAT (Operating Assets Turnover) where the firm does not have enough resources to deal with its short-term debts. This can be determined by analyzing the liquidity ratio. It is a reversible situation.
“Situación” Bankruptcy
“Situación” bankruptcy indicates a
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