Foundational Management Concepts: Maslow, Informal Org, McGregor
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
Maslow classified human needs into five levels, represented as a pyramid, and which must be met progressively. These needs are a source of motivation, which diminishes once they are met.
- Physiological Needs: Basic survival requirements (e.g., food, water, shelter).
- Security Needs: Appear when physiological needs are sufficiently satisfied. These include personal security, financial security, and health and well-being.
- Social Needs (Love and Belonging): These include the need
Innovation Concepts & Product Development Models
Definition of Innovation: Oslo Manual Perspective
According to the Oslo Manual (2018), innovation is defined as a new or improved product or process (or a combination thereof) that differs significantly from previous products or processes and has been introduced on the market or implemented in an organization. This definition emphasizes three essential characteristics:
- Novelty: Must be significant, not merely minor changes or upgrades.
- Implementation: Ideas must be realized in practice, distinguishing
Key English Words and Phrases
Essential English Vocabulary & Expressions
Verb-Noun Word Pairs
- Motivate – Motivation
- Inspire – Inspiration
- Encourage – Encouragement
- Commit – Commitment
- Disapprove – Disapproval
- Criticize – Criticism
- Object – Objection
- Regard – Regard / Consideration
- Excite – Excitement / Thrill
- Achieve – Achievement / Accomplishment
- Risk – Risk / Danger
- Rely on – Reliance / Confidence
- Improve – Improvement / Development
- Rehearse – Rehearsal / Practice
- Appeal – Appeal / Attraction
- Accommodate – Accommodation / Lodging
- Crave
E-commerce & Web Technologies: Core Concepts
Web 2.0 & E-commerce Fundamentals
What is Web 2.0? Examples & Impact
Web 2.0 is a set of applications and technologies that allows users to create, edit, and distribute content; share preferences, bookmarks, and online personas; participate in virtual lives; and build online communities. In other words, Web 2.0 is the set of new, advanced applications that have evolved along with the Web’s ability to support larger audiences and more involved content.
Examples of Web 2.0 sites include:
- YouTube
- Wikipedia
- StumbleUpon
- Tumblr
- WordPress
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Community Worker Roles, Skills, and Impact
Understanding Community Work
Community work involves professionals who are instrumental in fostering community action and development. The authors have identified a variety of functions that manifest the richness of situations where professionals can be helpful.
A comprehensive professional technical training is essential for community workers, encompassing skills such as technical research, analysis, planning, organization, interaction, and communication. However, other relational and communicative
Read MoreIronShield: Strategic Insights for Safety & Security Solutions
Strategic Alliances for IronShield
A strong alliance for IronShield would be with educational organizations, such as high schools or universities, specifically their school safety departments or student wellness programs. This partnership would allow IronShield to expand its reach by offering customized safety and self-defense programs to students and teachers. Schools have a direct stake in the safety of their communities, which aligns perfectly with IronShield’s core message: “Trust. Control.
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