Motivation, Management, Leadership, and Power Theories
Chapter 6: Motivation Theories
Motivation: The process responsible for the intensity, direction, and persistence of an individual’s efforts to achieve a goal.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs
- Physiological
- Safety
- Social
- Esteem
- Self-realization
Theory X
Employees inherently dislike work, avoid it when possible, and need coercion, control, or threats of punishment. They avoid responsibilities and seek guidance.
Theory Y
Work is as natural as rest or play for employees. They are self-directed and self-controlled,
Read MoreLogistics, Business, and Language Practice
Logistics and Shipping Terms
- Warehousing
- Vendor
- Custom
- Management
- To ship
- Cargo
- Means
- Crane
- Vessel
- Consolidation
- To collect
- Damage
- Handling
- Chandler
Business Scenarios
Scenario II
- He asked if that investment would be really cost-effective.
- He said that the freight forwarder had recommended another means of transport.
- He announced that they were going to offer a discount.
- They told him to investigate that route.
Scenario IV
- We cannot deal with these businessmen whose offices are not in major cities.
- I like that workplace
High-Growth Market Risks: Competitors, Shakeouts, and Resources
Risks in High-Growth Markets
There are several conditions to consider when evaluating if a high-growth market is truly as attractive as it seems. According to T. Proctor’s analysis, these include:
Competitor Saturation
Whether the number of competitors serving the market is greater than can be sustained by the growth opportunity. Markets with the following conditions are likely to attract a surplus of competitors, leading to a subsequent shakeout:
- High visibility and growth rate
- Very high initial and
EU’s Common Agricultural Policy and the 2008 Financial Crisis
Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)
CAP is probably one of the most discussed policies because of its implications for developing countries, and because it takes half of the European budget. Firstly, it’s about an integrated market for this kind of goods without barriers. Secondly, there is price support for the majority of agricultural products – we are subsidizing the production.
The Objectives of CAP
The objectives, set out in Article 39 of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union, are as
Read MoreUnderstanding Macroeconomics, EU Integration, and the Euro
Macroeconomic Equations
GDP = C + I + G + (NX) Y = C + I + G + (X – M)
Stotal = Y – C – G / S = I + NX (S = I + CA)
Y – T – C = private T – G = public
Key Financial Terms
Current Account: exports – imports
Financial Account: capital flows
Capital Account: movements of assets
Spot Rate: buy at the actual price
Forward Rate: expected future value
Future Rate: you decide the rate today
Optional Rate: premium
Monetary Policy and Exchange Rate Regimes
US: monetary independence and capital mobility
China: monetary
Read MoreUnderstanding Organizational Change: A Comprehensive Analysis
Organizational Change
What is Change?
- It is the transition from one personal or social situation to another.
- It constitutes a shift in values, attitudes, and behaviors.
- Change is enacted by individuals, groups, organizations, etc., within a specific time and space.
- All change involves unlearning old knowledge, behaviors, patterns, and models, and learning, exercising, and internalizing new ones.
Types of Change
- Reactive changes are made in response to a given internal or external environment.
- Anticipatory