Company Incorporation and Legal Aspects of Business

Key Concepts in Company Structure and Operations

Shareholders, Shareholder Meetings, and Management Body

A) Shareholders: Shareholders can be individuals, groups of people, or other companies that own one or more shares of a company. They are involved in the decision-making process, particularly in electing the board of directors. Shareholders convene for a meeting at least once a year to discuss the company’s status.

B) Shareholder Meetings: These are gatherings where all shareholders come together

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European Monetary System Failure and the Rise of the Euro

European Monetary System Failure in 1992

In the 1970s, there was excessive exchange rate volatility due to the abandonment of the fixed exchange rate system based on the gold standard. In 1979, the European Economic Community created the “currency snake,” a system of fixed exchange rates in which currencies could only fluctuate within a band of 2.25%. The main goal was to bring financial and monetary stability, as well as reducing the risks associated with devaluations. These measures would promote

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Business and Consumer Markets: Procurement, CRM, and Segmentation

Business Market vs. Consumer Market

Both business and consumer markets aim to understand and satisfy consumer needs, benefiting from market orientation. Both are market-driven.

Marketing Functions

Manufacturing, Research & Development (R&D), Customer Service, Accounting, Logistics & Sales.

Marketing Values

Value is created by identifying ways for customers to create value. Offering value involves creating programs with services, ideas, and products that address problems.

Business Products

  • Used
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Spain’s 1959 Economic Stabilization Plan: Impacts & Results

Background of the National Economic Stabilization Plan

The National Economic Stabilization Plan was an economic package approved by the Spanish Government in 1959. The plan’s objective was the stabilization and liberalization of the Spanish economy. It marked a break with the policy of autarky of the Franco regime and made possible the beginning of an era of economic growth in the country during the 1960s.

Goals of the Stabilization Plan

The Plan set a series of goals to achieve economic stability,

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Optimizing Your Business: Production, Operations, and Strategy

Chapter 2: Production Process

2.1 Detailed Definition of the Product or Service

List, through bullets, all the products or services the company will offer, indicating as much detail as possible.

2.2 Production Process

2.2.1 Raw Materials and Suppliers

List all the components or supplies that you will require for the development of your product or service. It is important to identify the closest suppliers or those that offer better quality in the inputs.

Name

Address

Material Supplies

Amount (Units)

Cost (

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International Marketing: Strategies, Culture, and Global Trends

Chapter 1: What is International Marketing?

International marketing is the process of planning and executing strategies to promote and sell products or services across multiple countries, considering cultural, economic, and legal differences.

The International Marketing Task – Uncontrollable Uncertainty

  • Uncontrollable uncertainty is created by uncontrollable elements in business environments.
  • Each international market has its own set of factors.

A marketing program is designed for optimal adjustment

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