Strategic Planning: Levels, Schools, and Best Practices
Strategic planning is the process used to formulate and execute the strategies of an organization in order to insert it, according to its mission, in the context in which it finds itself.
An effective strategic planning process should not be formal and bureaucratic.
Planning Levels
Planning has three levels: strategic, tactical, and operational.
Strategic Planning
It is the broadest and covers the entire organization. Its characteristics are:
- Long-term projection
- Includes the organization as a whole, all
Effective Recruitment: Sources and Methods for Hiring
Internal Recruitment Sources
Internal recruitment occurs when a company fills a position by promoting or transferring existing employees.
Advantages:
- Mutual knowledge between the employee and the business
- Increased employee security and motivation
- Development of internal competition
- Lower cost
Disadvantages:
- Difficulty finding candidates with the required qualifications
- Potential for infighting and lack of cooperation
- Inbreeding, preventing the entry of new ideas
Methods:
- Bulletin board
- Word of mouth
- Personnel
Management Functions, Scientific Principles, and Leadership Styles
1)Explain the functions of Management :–
Functions of management include all those activities which managers perform in an organization to achieve its objectives. These functions are planning, organizing, staffing, directing, and controlling.
LlPlanning:
Planning involves determination of future course of action to achieve the desired results. This involves deciding why an action, what action, how to take action and when to take action. Through these decisions, planning provides base for other management
Read MoreEvolution of Monetary Systems and Industrial Revolutions
Classical Gold Standard (Circa 1870-1914)
The Classical Gold Standard involved each country’s currency being directly tied to a certain amount of gold, ensuring that currencies had fixed values in terms of gold. This provided stable exchange rates and facilitated international trade by minimizing exchange rate risk. Central banks were required to exchange paper money for gold on demand, limiting the ability to inflate the currency since the money supply was restricted by gold reserves. However,
Read MoreSocial Security Benefits and Contributions in Spain
**Social Security Protection in Spain**
There are two types of protection:
- Contributory: Based on contributions made by workers and their employers.
- Non-contributory: Based on economic need, regardless of whether a prior contribution has been made.
Social Security Structure
- General Scheme: Covers most employed workers.
- Special Regimes: Cover specific groups, such as agricultural workers, sea workers, civil servants, students, and homemakers.
Employer Obligations
- Company Registration: Mandatory for all companies.
Company as a System: Elements, Environment, and Responsibility
The Company as a System
Understanding a system as a set of interrelated elements within the global economic system. It belongs to a unitary whole related to the environment in which it operates.
Characteristics
- Open System: The company interacts with the environment, and external events influence its decisions.
- Interconnected Subsystems: Composed of different subsystems acting together to achieve synergy and improved performance.
- Global System: Any influence on a subsystem impacts others and the entire