Energy Systems: Definition, Types, and Properties
A system is a collection of elements or components that are organized for a common purpose. The main difference between a system and a set of elements is that a system is defined by the relationships between elements. A set, instead, is simply a collection of elements.
An energy system is a sequence of energy processes, isolated from the surroundings and interacting with them, including plants and devices realizing those processes of determined properties and parameters. A surrounding of an energy
Read MoreRaster and Vector Images, Textures, Curves, and Anti-Aliasing
Images
What is an Image?
A 2D distribution of intensity or color. Raster images store the pixel value for each pixel, usually color in RGB form. A Vector image is described by storing shape descriptions with no reference to the pixel grid. They are resolution-independent images but they need to be rasterized before display.
Raster Devices
- Output/Input
- Output (display: LCD/LED or hardcopy: printer)
- Input (digital camera/scanner)
Digital images are an approximation of the real scene. Formats: 1, 3, or 4
Read MoreManufacturing Process: Technical Analysis and Optimization
Technical Feasibility Study
The aim of this study is to verify the technical feasibility of manufacturing a product or delivering a service. It intends to accomplish this with the project, analyzing and determining the optimum size, location, investment, and organization required for production.
Production Process
The production process is the technical process used in the project to obtain goods and services from inputs. It is identified as the transformation of a series of inputs to turn them into
Read MoreBusiness Intelligence and Enterprise Systems: Key Concepts
Business Intelligence and Data Analysis
Social Network Analysis
Social Network Analysis (SNA): A technique that attempts to find groups of people who work together, identify people who should collaborate but do not, or find experts in a particular subject area.
Measures
Measures: The values or numbers a user wants to analyze.
Master Data
Master Data: The data deemed most important in the operation of a business.
Web Content Mining
Web Content Mining: Extracting textual information from web documents.
Continuous
Read MorePractical Price Analysis: Cost Breakdown & Valuation Methods
Practical Price Analysis
1) Analysis of Prices: The rationale for the price of each item is the budget of the work. It is formed by the addition of the following:
- Cost of Materials: Cost-price or cost of application
- Cost of Labor
- Overhead
- Final Cost Benefit of the Work
- Taxation
- Financial Cost
- Other Eventual Costs
- Contingencies
- Security
- Fee
Materials | Unit | Amount | Unit Cost | Partial Cost |
Cement | kg | 28 | 1.002 | 28.06 |
Sand | M3 | 0.24 | 190.60 | 45.74 |
Hydraulic lime | kg | 47 | 0.75 | 35.25 |
Common Brick | a | 364 | 0.70 | 284.80 |
Subtotal | 363.85 | |||
LABOR Official Assistant | Hs hs | 7 8 | 15. |
NIF A-3, A-4, and A-5: Financial Statement Analysis
NIF A-3: User Needs and Objectives of Financial Statements
The primary focus of NIF A-3 is to identify user needs and establish the objectives of financial statements (EF) for entities.
Objective of EF According to NIF A-3
The objective of EF is derived mainly from the needs of users in general.
Evaluating Financial Performance
EF allows users to evaluate:
- The financial and economic behavior of the entity, its stability, and vulnerability.
- The entity’s ability to maintain and optimize resources, obtain