Understanding the Nervous, Endocrine, and Immune Systems

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

The Neuron: The Building Block of the Nervous System

A neuron is the fundamental cell of nervous tissue.

Neuron Components:

  • Cell Body (Soma): Located around the nucleus, containing most of the cytoplasm. It generates nerve impulses.
  • Dendrites: Short, branching extensions that receive nerve impulses from other neurons.
  • Axon: A long, slender extension that transmits nerve impulses away from the cell body to other neurons or effector cells.

Types of Neurons:

  • Sensory Neurons: Transmit nerve impulses from sensory
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Plant Nutrition: Photosynthesis, Leaf Structure & Water Uptake

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

Plant Nutrition: Photosynthesis and More

Plant Nutrition:

Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert inorganic raw materials into organic matter using sunlight as an energy source.
Note: Organic matter is the one that contains carbon, except for CO2 and carbonates.
In photosynthesis, there is an energy conversion from light energy to chemical energy stored in glucose.
Chlorophyll is a pigment that absorbs light energy.
Word Equation: Carbon Dioxide + Water → Glucose + Oxygen
Balanced Equation:
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Grasshopper Anatomy: A Detailed Look at Key Structures

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

Grasshopper Anatomy: Key Structures and Functions

Here’s a detailed breakdown of the grasshopper’s anatomy, covering its key structures and their respective functions:

1. Head

Contains nervous tissue and sensory organs.

2. Thorax

Bears structures associated with movement.

3. Abdomen

Contains reproductive and digestive organs.

4. Clypeus

Delimits the lower margin of the face.

5. Labrum

Protects the delicate mouthparts.

6. Mandibles

Grab and tear food into smaller pieces.

7. Maxillae

Move food particles into the

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Decoding DNA: Genetics, Experiments, and Molecular Structure

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid): The genetic material that carries hereditary information. The central dogma of molecular biology is DNA → RNA → Proteins. These proteins, often polypeptides, form structures like enzymes, which participate in the formation and breakdown of biomolecules, including nucleic acids, lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins.

RNA (Ribonucleic Acid): Another type of nucleic acid essential for various biological roles.

Genotype: The genetic information of an organism.

Phenotype:

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Cell Division: Understanding Mitosis and Meiosis

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

Mitosis

  1. Interphase: Visible nucleolus, chromosomes or diffuse chromatin.
  2. Prophase: Nucleolus disappears. Centrioles and asters appear and separate. The spindle forms, and each chromosome that constitutes two chromatids reappears together by the centromere.
  3. Metaphase: The nuclear membrane disappears, and the spindle extends to the poles. Chromosomes align on the spindle.
  4. Anaphase: Each centromere divides. Sister chromatids separate and go to opposite poles. The separated chromatids are now considered
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White Blood Cells, Hemostasis, and Heart Sounds Explained

Posted by on Mar 5, 2025 in Biology | 0 comments

White Blood Cells (WBCs)

WBCs are an important part of the immune system, defending the body against infections and foreign invaders. They are classified based on function and production process in bone marrow.

Types of White Blood Cells

Granulocytes

Neutrophils
  • Function: Primary defense against bacterial infections. Phagocytic cells ingest and destroy pathogens.
  • Production: In bone marrow.
Eosinophils
  • Function: Defend against parasitic infections and are involved in allergic reactions. Help modulate inflammatory
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